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Probiotics Modulate Adaptive Immune Responses to Oral HRV Vaccines in HGM Transplanted Gn Pigs
Published in Lijuan Yuan, Vaccine Efficacy Evaluation, 2022
Although the multi-step safety testing was done to confirm the safety of the collected stool samples, two to three pigs in each litter became ill (poor appetite, lethargic, fever, vomiting, and/or diarrhea) during the experiments and had to be euthanized prior to the scheduled time point, despite treatment with 50% dextrose (8 ml/dose) by mouth every 8 hrs. The mean mortality rate in the HGM pigs was 20.9%. The necropsy reports from the Anatomic Pathology Laboratory, Virginia Tech Animal Laboratory Services, gave the final diagnoses as mild enteritis and mild hepatitis. The bacterial culture identified Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphyloccus epidermdis in the pigs. Klebsiella oxytoca was considered the likely primary pathogen. These early euthanized pigs were excluded from this study. In future studies, Klebsiella spp in stool samples for the preparation of HGM inoculum is detected by real-time PCR and only negative stool samples are used (Twitchell et al., 2016).
Tongue tie
Published in Amy Brown, Wendy Jones, A Guide to Supporting Breastfeeding for the Medical Profession, 2019
Infection after division is very rare and, based on data from the Wessex Tongue-tie Service (www.uhs.nhs.uk/OurServices/Childhealth/Tonguetie/Tonguetie.aspx), is said to be less than one in 10,000. Any infection usually responds well to antibiotics. There has been one serious case reported in 2010 where a baby succumbed to an infection caused by Klebsiella oxytoca.
Klebsiella spp. as Pathogens: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Identification, Treatment, and Prevention
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
Arumugam Kamaladevi, Shanmugaraj Gowrishankar, Krishnaswamy Balamurugan
The genus Klebsiella is a gram-negative bacterium belonging to the family of Enterobacteriaceae. Named after German microbiologist Edwin Klebs, Klebsiella covers nonmotile, rod-shaped organisms with a prominent polysaccharide outer layer. This outer layer encloses the entire cell surface that accounts for the larger appearance of the bacteria on Gram stain and reportedly provides resistance against several host defense mechanisms. Due to its high resistance property, Klebsiella has been well known as a predominant cause of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, particularly in chronic alcoholics.1 This infection induces characteristic radiographic abnormalities that are attributed to severe pyogenic reaction,2 and often requires hospitalization. As opportunistic pathogens, Klebsiella spp. chiefly target the immunocompromised individuals who are hospitalized due to severe diabetes mellitus or chronic pulmonary obstruction. The most common nosocomial Klebsiella infection is caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, a clinically significant species among the genus. To a lesser extent, Klebsiella oxytoca is also implicated in human infection. Klebsiella spp. account for 3%–7% of nosocomial bacterial infections, and hence rank as the second most important infectious pathogens in hospitals.3–5Table 33.1 summarizes the most significant nosocomial infections caused by Klebsiella spp.
Risk factors associated with nosocomial infections in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Mahatma Gandhi Memorial hospital between 2014 and 2015
Published in Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2018
Sharita Rameshwarnath, Saloshni Naidoo
A well-documented outbreak claimed the lives of 21 neonates in 2005 in Mahatma Gandhi Memorial hospital (MGMH), in eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natal. Twenty-six babies had positive blood cultures for mainly pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae, but also for Klebsiella oxytoca.22 This outbreak was a health systems failure.7 The outbreak investigation team noted that gentamycin-resistant ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was present in intravenous medication (vamin glucose) and formula feeds, which were used for multiple administrations to all of the babies.7,23 The other findings were that Klebsiella pneumoniae was present on the hands of 10% of the staff, the nursery was overcrowded, and the unit was under-equipped and under-staffed.7,22 All of these lead to transgressions and poor adherence to IPC principles and practices. Thus the aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with having a nosocomial infection in the NICU at MGMH between 2014 and 2015. The specific objectives were to describe the demographic and clinical profile and to identify associations between the demographic profiles, clinical factors, health system factors and having a nosocomial infection among neonates admitted to the NICU at MGMH between 2014 and 2015.
Increasing incidence of pyogenic liver abscess in Southern Sweden: a population-based study from 2011 to 2020
Published in Infectious Diseases, 2023
Emma Svensson, Astrid Jönsson, Anna Bläckberg, Torgny Sunnerhagen, Ali Kiasat, Oskar Ljungquist
Blood cultures were obtained in 93% (n = 350) of all episodes of PLA and 54% (n = 188) were positive (Supplementary Table A2). Monomicrobial results were found in 73% (n = 138) of blood cultures, and the most common pathogens were Streptococcus spp. 29%, n = 40), E. coli (19%, n = 26) and Klebsiella spp. (17%, n = 24). The most common Streptococcus species belonged to the Streptococcus anginosus complex (n = 37, 93%). Klebsiella species found were Klebsiella pneumoniae (15%, n = 21), Klebsiella oxytoca group (1%, n = 2) and Klebsiella aerogenes (1%, n = 1; Supplementary Table A3).
Higher rates of cefiderocol resistance among NDM producing Klebsiella bloodstream isolates applying EUCAST over CLSI breakpoints
Published in Infectious Diseases, 2023
Burcu Isler, Cansel Vatansever, Berna Özer, Güle Çınar, Abdullah Tarık Aslan, Caitlin Falconer, Michelle J. Bauer, Brian Forde, Funda Şimşek, Necla Tülek, Hamiyet Demirkaya, Şirin Menekşe, Halis Akalin, İlker İnanç Balkan, Mehtap Aydın, Elif Tükenmez Tigen, Safiye Koçulu Demir, Mahir Kapmaz, Şiran Keske, Özlem Doğan, Çiğdem Arabacı, Serap Yağcı, Gülşen Hazırolan, Veli Oğuzalp Bakır, Mehmet Gönen, Neşe Saltoğlu, Alpay Azap, Özlem Azap, Murat Akova, Önder Ergönül, Füsun Can, David L. Paterson, Patrick N. A. Harris
There were 254 Klebsiella spp. isolates (92% Klebsiella pneumoniae, 6% Klebsiella variicola, 0.4% Klebsiella quasipneumoniae and 0.4% Klebsiella oxytoca). Fifty (20%) isolates were found to be carbapenem susceptible in the central laboratory and did not harbour any carbapenemases. The majority of the remaining isolates were OXA-48-like producers (145/204, 70%), followed by metallo-beta-lactamase/OXA-48-like co-producers (31/204, 15%), single metallo-beta-lactamase producers (11/204, 5%), no-carbapenemase producers (13/204, 6%) and KPC producers (4/204, 2%). All metallo-beta-lactamases, except a single VIM, were NDM.