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Other Double-Stranded DNA Viruses
Published in Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier, Virus-Like Particles, 2022
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier
The close structural similarity of tecti- and adenoviruses allowed to use the phage PR772 as a potential surrogate for adenovirus in the ecological investigations, such as water control and disinfection (Gall et al. 2016). It is noteworthy that tectiviruses are infecting wine bacterial spoilers. Recently, Chaïb et al. (2020) isolated and characterized by electron cryomicroscopy the phage GC1 from the Gluconobacter virus GC1 species of the novel genus Gammatectivirus, which infects the grape-associated acetic acid bacterium Gluconobacter cerinus.
A novel polyphenolic prebiotic and probiotic formulation have synergistic effects on the gut microbiota influencing Drosophila melanogaster physiology
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Susan Westfall, Nikita Lomis, Satya Prakash
In aging Drosophila, the quantity and diversity of bacteria in the GIT are known to increase as the immunological systems that are in place to control the level of GIT species weaken and the intestinal barrier begins to break down [37]. This phenomenon was clearly present in the control groups of aging Drosophila (Figure 7) as each of the gut microbial populations examined demonstrated a strong upregulation after 30 days. The almost 12-fold elevation in A. malorum in controls was reduced to 2–3 fold by each of the treatment groups except Lp8826 which had no effect (Figure 7(a)). A. pasteurianus was elevated by 1.6-fold in controls and was unaffected by Lp8826, but slightly reduced by all other treatment groups (Figure 7(b)). A. aceti was elevated by over 6-fold controls, which was significantly reduced to 1.5–3 fold by each of the treatment groups (Figure 7(c)). A. tropocalis, elevated almost 4-fold in controls, was reduced by each of the treatment groups to between 1- and 2-fold (Figure 7(d)). A. cerevisiae, elevated over 10-fold in controls, was reduced to between 3- and 4-fold by all groups except Lp8826 which had no effect and TFLA which was higher than the other treatment groups at a 8.6-fold elevation (Figure 7(e)). L. brevis was elevated by almost 7-fold in controls by Day 30, which was further increased by Lp8826, likely due to the external supplementation, but reduced by all other treatment groups (Figure 7(f)). L. plantarum was similarly elevated by almost 7-fold in controls, which was reduced by all treatments except the Lp8826 and probiotic formulation, both of which contained supplemental Lp8826 (Figure 7(g)). Finally, regarding Gluconobacter spp., there was a keen upregulation by 3.5-fold in controls, which was reduced by all treatment groups (Figure 7(h)). Overall, the probiotic, prebiotic and the probiotic and synbiotic formulations controlled the elevation in Drosophila microbiota in aging flies indicating that the immune system of Drosophila was greatly benefitted by the treatment. However, there was no drastic difference between the individual probiotic and prebiotic supplementations compared to the probiotic and synbiotic formulations.