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Urinary Symptoms and Investigations
Published in Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie, Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 2018
Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie
Epididymal cysts can form similar scrotal swellings to hydrocoeles but can be distinguished by the fact that the testis can often be felt separately. They contain clear or white fluid. Both hydrocoeles and epididymal cysts transilluminate on clinical examination.
Lumps and bumps
Published in Michael Gaunt, Tjun Tang, Stewart Walsh, General Surgery Outpatient Decisions, 2018
Perform a general and abdominal examination. Confirm the presence of a scrotal lump – you can get above it. The lump is smooth, oval and separate from, above and to the lateral side of a normal testis. Epididymal cysts usually transilluminate, and may be multiple and bilateral.
Testicular lump
Published in Anne Stephenson, Martin Mueller, John Grabinar, Janice Rymer, 100 Cases in General Practice, 2017
Anne Stephenson, Martin Mueller, John Grabinar, Janice Rymer
There are a number of diagnoses that need to be excluded and that can be excluded in this case. You can get above the lump so it is not a scrotal hernia. With only mild tenderness and a long history, testicular torsion can be excluded. The lump is external to the testis and so testicular cancer can be ruled out. There is no trauma so it is not a haematoma. There is no fluid collection surrounding the testis so it is not a hydrocele. With no signs of inflammation, it is not likely to be epididymitis. With the long history of a lump that transilluminates and is separate from and posterior and superior to the testis, it is most likely to be an epididymal cyst. You can reassure the patient that you are almost certain that the diagnosis is an epididymal cyst. However, given all the publicity around testicular cancer and the recent death of his uncle from oesophageal cancer, it is important to explain why you do not think it is cancer and explore with the patient any anxieties that they might still have around the diagnosis.
Fetal Skeletal Dysplasias: Radiologic-Pathologic Classification of 72 Cases
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2022
Short ribs and trident acetabula with or without polydactyly were common abnormalities of these conditions. Verma-Naumoff syndrome was diagnosed based on severe micromelia, narrow tubular thorax and cupped spiculated metaphyses of the long bones with the characteristic ‘‘ball-in-cone’’ appearance (Figure 7a, b). Jeune syndrome was recognized as a variant of the Verma-Naumoff syndrome, with moderate phenotypic presentation, radiologic angular appearance of metaphyses and biliary fibroadenomatosis. Bone histologic anomalies, which were of lesser severity in Jeune syndrome, encompassed variable appearances of the growth plate, thick diaphyseal bone trabeculae with lateral extension of the growth plate into the diaphysis (Figure 7c–e). Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome was diagnosed based on micromelia, long trunk with narrow thorax, ectodermal dysplasia, dysplastic/hypoplastic teeth and nails, labiogingival adhesions and heart defects, and short tubular bones with clubbed epiphyses (Figure 8a, b). Majewski syndrome was associated with characteristic craniofacial dysmorphism (flat square face, bilateral microphthalmia), cleft gum and palate, multiple gingival frenulae and lingual hamartomas, narrow thorax with protuberant abdomen, micromelia, polysyndactyly, ambiguous genitalia, and visceral anomalies which especially included epididymal cysts, biliary fibroadenomatosis and large multicystic dysplastic kidneys. Radiologic examination showed rounded metaphyseal ends, extremely short tibiae and hypoplastic fibulae (Figure 8c–f).
Is aspiration and sclerotherapy treatment for hydroceles in the aging male an evidence-based treatment?
Published in The Aging Male, 2019
W. St. J. Taylor, J. Cobley, W. Mahmalji
Braslis and Moss [30] used STDS and treated 102 hydroceles and epididymal cysts. The cure rate at a single treatment was 76% and 94% after multiple treatments. They used STDS 10 ml for hydroceles greater than 50 ml. In 80% of the cases, they also mixed the STDS with 1 ml 1% lignocaine. Patients who did not have any local anaesthetic mixed with the STDS experienced pain for up to six h after the procedure. No patient had any pain when 1 ml of 1% lignocaine was used mixed with STDS.