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Sparfloxacin
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Sparfloxacin is 4 to 10 times more active than ofloxacin or ciprofloxacin against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus epidermidis, as well as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes. Moxifloxacin, clinafloxacin, and trovafloxacin generally have better activity than sparfloxacin against methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus (Croco et al., 1998). Sparfloxacin is superior to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin but inferior to moxifloxacin, clinafloxacin, and grepafloxacin against pneumococci; although increasing levels of fluoroquinolone resistance are being seen in some locations. Such antipneumococcal activity is generally independent of the presence of penicillin resistance, although penicillin-resistant isolates are more likely to also exhibit higher fluoroquinolone MICs. Sparfloxacin is also usually active against macrolide-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae (Hardy et al., 2000; Ho et al., 2001; Perez-Trallero et al., 2002; Saravolatz et al., 2001; Schmitz et al., 1999; Yokota et al., 2009). Sparfloxacin activity against Listeria monocytogenes is moderate (Facinelli et al., 1997; Michelet et al., 1997). Sparfloxacin has reasonable activity against Streptococcus milleri (MIC90 0.5 μg/ml) (Yamamoto et al., 2006). Activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Enerococcus faecium is generally poor (Zhanel et al., 1998). The susceptibility of Corynebacterium jeikeium and other Corynebacterium spp. to sparfloxacin appears to be somewhat variable, with reported MIC90 values ranging from 0.06 to > 16 μg/ml (Louie et al., 1991; Martinez-Martinez et al., 1994; Rolston et al., 1990). Bacillus anthracis is susceptible in vitro (MIC 0.05 μg/ml) (Bryskier, 2002). Sparfloxacin is more active than ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin against Borrelia burgdorferi (MIC90 1 μg/ml), but less active than gemifloxacin, sitafloxacin, and grepafloxacin (Kraiczy et al., 2001); however, none of these agents are the treatment of choice for Borrelia spp. Rhodococcus equi is generally susceptible to sparfloxacin (Nordmann and Ronco, 1992).
Tedizolid (torezolid) for the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2020
Alberto A. Carena, Martin E. Stryjewski
Tedizolid provides good activity against less common organisms, such as Corynebacterium jeikeium and Listeria monocytogenes [60]. In terms of Gram-negative rods, tedizolid exhibits some activity against Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae, although MICs are generally variable and elevated. Tedizolid demonstrates activity against anaerobic bacteria [68], including Peptostreptococcus [56], Bacteroides species [68], Clostridium species (including activity against C. difficile) [56,59,69], and facultative anaerobes such as Actinomyces species [56]. Compared to linezolid, tedizolid is 8- to 16-fold more active against Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria and two-fold more active against anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli [70].
Staphylococcus-induced proliferative glomerulonephritis and cerebral hemorrhage – fatal complications in a young female with postpartum cardiomyopathy and an implanted left ventricular assist device: a case report and review of the literature
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2022
Carmen Elena Opris, Horatiu Suciu, Laura Banias, Cosmin Marian Banceu, Cosmin Opris, Marius Harpa, Mihaela Ispas, Simona Gurzu
As it was previously postulated, acute mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis can be triggered by a chronic infection of the LVAD with pathogens such Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus and Enterococcus species, Corynebacterium jeikeium, Candida, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa [26,30] and precipitated by anemia [7]. As the renal parenchyma cells were not positive for ACE and glomerulosclerosis was not observed, the kidney damage in our case did not seem to be related on ACE inhibitor use [26].