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Hearing Aids and Auditory Rehabilitation
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Most hearing aids also include a wireless receiver so that audio signals can be input to the device from a mobile phone or other streaming device, a remotely located microphone (such as worn by a teacher in a classroom) and/or a hearing aid on the other side of the head. The most common style of hearing aids is behind the ear (BTE), where either the entire hearing aid, or all the components except the receiver, are positioned between the pinna and the head surface. They connect to the ear canal via a sound tube, or via thin wires when the receiver is in the ear canal. The end of the tube or the receiver are held in place in the ear canal by either a custom-shaped ear mould, or a compliant tip that deforms to match the cross-sectional shape of the ear canal. Alternative styles include in the ear, in the canal and completely in the-canal. While the latter two styles have slight cosmetic advantages over BTE devices, BTEs can contain directional microphones, which offer performance in noise that the canal-style devices cannot match. Much less commonly, a contralateral routing of signals (CROS) hearing aid is used to pick up sounds from the side of the head with a completely deaf ear, and play an amplified version of it to the other ear.
Hearing Aids for the Pediatric Population
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Katia de Almeida, Maria Cecíli Martinelli
The CROS hearing aid is considered as an option specifically suited for individuals with UHL and unaidable (severe to profound) hearing in the impaired ear. A CROS hearing aid has a microphone on the impaired ear that picks up signals and transmits the sounds to a receiver worn on the opposite ear (normal hearing). For issues of retention, a BTE receiver is often coupled with an open earmold or may also be in the form of an ITE receiver. When considering CROS amplification for children with UHL, clinicians should weigh the effect of partially occluding the normal hearing ear.
The psychological and social consequences of single-sided deafness in adulthood
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2018
Laura Lucas, Roulla Katiri, Pádraig Thomas Kitterick
Participants reported that they do not generally wear hearing-assistive devices. In general, they did not find conventional hearing aids to be beneficial for their hearing. Consequently, they felt frustrated that their hearing loss was an invisible condition and some had even considered wearing a hearing aid solely to remind others of their hearing loss. Those who had trialled a contralateral routing of signals (CROS) hearing aid (Harford and Barry 1965) deemed its benefits to be limited and did not persist with its use or use it regularly. Some participants relied on other technologies to enhance their hearing and listening abilities such as using subtitles, a speakerphone, a sound-bar for the television, or headphones that can be manipulated so that all sounds play in one-ear only.
Cochlear implant in patients with single sided deafness: hearing results and communicative benefits
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2020
Juan M. García, Diana Paola Urquijo, Mauricio Puerta, César Augusto Mosquera, Lina María Hernández, María Leonor Aparicio, Clemencia Barón, Ana M. Otoya Tono, Augusto Peñaranda
In the past, there were no treatment or rehabilitation techniques for patients with SSD. However, SSD rehabilitation has become a common practice in the past years. It started with Contralateral Routing of Signal (CROS) hearing aid rehabilitation (Kamal et al., 2012), and was followed by bone conduction hearing systems (Sprinzl et al., 2013; Firszt et al., 2012). Unfortunately, these treatments provide a limited benefit due to the contralateral rerouting of signals, which, while it allows the detection of sound presented to the affected ear, it doesn’t generate true binaural hearing. Instead, this rehabilitation is considered a pseudo-binaural hearing (Arndt et al., 2011).
Consensus practice parameter: audiological assessment and management of unilateral hearing loss in children
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2019
Marlene Bagatto, Janet DesGeorges, Alison King, Padraig Kitterick, Diana Laurnagaray, Dawna Lewis, Patricia Roush, Douglas P. Sladen, Anne Marie Tharpe
Unilateral hearing loss (UHL) – any degree of permanent hearing loss in one ear (pure-tone average [0.5, 1.0. 2.0 kHz] > 15 dB for children), regardless of aetiology, with normal hearing1 in the opposite ear.Paediatric population – for purposes of this guideline, refers to children birth through 18 years of age.Contralateral routeing of signal (CROS) hearing aid – a type of hearing aid that is intended for use by those with normal or near-normal hearing in one ear and an opposite side un-aidable ear. Sound is transmitted from the side of the un-aidable ear to the ear with better hearing.Bone-conduction devices2 – the class of bone-conduction devices that transmits vibration via transcutaneous or percutaneous means (surgical or non-surgical devices; transcranial).Remote microphone system (RMS) – a wireless microphone system that converts audio signals into radio signals and transmits them to a receiver at the ear. Sounds can be transmitted via frequency modulation (FM) or digital modulation (DM).Profound unilateral hearing loss3 – hearing loss in one ear with a pure tone average (PTA) of >90 dB HL.Unaidable hearing loss – hearing loss that because of profound degree, very poor speech recognition, or intolerance for amplified sounds cannot be fitted with conventional hearing aids.