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Questions 1–20
Published in Anna Kowalewski, SBAs and EMQs in Surgery for Medical Students, 2021
A twisting mechanism of injury is likely to cause a spiral fracture when part of the bone is unable to move (e.g. when it is strapped in a ski boot). Note that over the anterior and medial tibia, the skin and subcutaneous tissue is very thin and thus a great number of tibial fractures are open fractures.
Bone Injury, Healing and Grafting
Published in Manoj Ramachandran, Tom Nunn, Basic Orthopaedic Sciences, 2018
Peter Bates, Andrea Yeo, Manoj Ramachandran
Torsional forces cause spiral fractures with two components: one spiral fracture line around the circumference of the bone at approximately 45° to the horizontal caused by a failure in tension perpendicular to the crack, and a vertical line linking the proximal and distal ends of the spiral due to shear failure (the latter probably initiating the fracture). If torsion and compression are combined, then a spiral wedge fracture results.
Injuries of the shoulder to wrist
Published in Ffion Davies, Colin E. Bruce, Kate Taylor-Robinson, Emergency Care of Minor Trauma in Children, 2017
Ffion Davies, Colin E. Bruce, Kate Taylor-Robinson
X-ray may reveal a buckle fracture, transverse fracture, spiral fracture or pathological fracture. The proximal humerus is the most common site for a simple bone cyst and these often present after a pathological fracture.
Humerus fractures in an infant: which causal mechanisms?
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2019
A. Delbreil, M. Bouriat, A. Pin, P. Rigoard, T. Vendeuvre, A. Germaneau
One main limitation of this work was the precise determination of the maximum stress limit. One solution could be to use mechanical data providing bending and torsional strength measured on young bone in growing from animal specimens to validate our FE model (Bertocci et al. 2017). The results obtained in the present study can be corroborated with the clinical case of child fracture. The spiral fracture has been certainly caused by a torsion loading or by a combination of bending and torsion. It is important now to determine if this type of mechanism can be caused by movements of dressing/undressing of the infant. In future works, we could characterize these types of movements from a kinematical analysis to obtain real values of motion amplitudes and loadings.