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Osteoporotic os calcis fractures
Published in Peter V. Giannoudis, Thomas A. Einhorn, Surgical and Medical Treatment of Osteoporosis, 2020
Angus Jennings, Richard Buckley
DIACFs are most commonly classified using the Sanders classification (19). This utilizes a coronal CT image at the widest level of the posterior facet, including the sustentaculum tali, and assesses the degree of posterior facet comminution. It is prognostic, in that increased comminution has been shown to correlate with poorer results and increased rates of subtalar fusion (especially Sanders IV type).
Comparison of the Conventional Surgery and the Surgery Assisted by 3d Printing Technology in the Treatment of Calcaneal Fractures
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2018
Wenhao Zheng, Zhenyu Tao, Yiting Lou, Zhenhua Feng, Hang Li, Liang Cheng, Hui Zhang, Jianshun Wang, Xiaoshan Guo, Hua Chen
Pre-hoc sample size calculation and power calculation had suggested a total sample size of 75 patients in this study with a power of 80% and significance level of 5%. With these parameters, then we used stratified randomization (Sanders classification as the stratified factors) to reduce the errors. The patients were divided into three different layers according to the Sanders classification (type II, III and IV), then the patients in each layer were randomly assigned to the conventional group (40 cases) and the 3D printing group (35 cases). Thus, we enrolled 75 patients with calcaneal fracture from April 2014 to August 2016. The inclusion criteria were: (1) fresh closed fractures (within one week from injury), (2) unilateral calcaneal fractures,(3) the contralateral normal calcaneus should not have any fracture, deformity, or history of surgery, (4) at least 12 months of follow-up. The following patients were excluded: (1) the contralateral calcaneus fractures and/or dislocation, (2) Sanders type I calcaneus fractures, (3) pathological fractures, (4) open fractures, (5) severe soft tissue injuries (Tscherne and Oestern closed grade II and grade III [19]), (6) multiple fractures. Of the admitted patients, there were 44 males and 31 females, with a mean age of 45.7 years. There were no statistical differences in sex, age, classification of fracture, cause of injury, side of injured and injury to operation time in two groups (Table 1). All theFIGURE 1, FIGURE 2, FIGURE 3, FIGURE 4, FIGURE 5 operations were performed by the same team. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. A male patient, 43 years old, falling from height, selected as a typical case. The details were shown in Figures 1–5.