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Glycosaminoglycans
Published in Luke R. Bucci, Nutrition Applied to Injury Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2020
Research on the effects of glucosamine on a common injury seen in sports medicine — chondromalacia patellae — showed promising results, indicating that glucosamine may have broad applications for repair of cartilage, and perhaps other connective tissues, given the known mechanisms of action. All connective tissues and cells must synthesize hyaluronan, GAGs, and collagen in order to regenerate, repair, or produce extracellular matrix. Glucosamine offers a single agent that stimulates synthesis of all macromolecular components of cartilage. Thus, application to other degenerative joint diseases is a logical extension of the known properties of glucosamine. Any conditions that involve repair of cartilage and joints is an indication for glucosamine therapy. Such conditions would include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, invertebral disc conditions, chondromalacia, tendinitis, bursitis, osteochondrosis, postsurgical repair of traumatic injury to joints, traumatic injury to joints, and tenosynovitis. Speculative uses would include repair of other connective tissues, such as tendon or ligament tears and repair, skin wound healing, and fracture repair.
Osteonecrosis and osteochondritis
Published in Ashley W. Blom, David Warwick, Michael R. Whitehouse, Apley and Solomon’s System of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 2017
Jason Mansell, Michael Whitehouse
The terms ‘osteochondrosis’ or ‘osteochondritis’ have for many years been applied to a group of conditions in which there is demarcation, and sometimes separation and necrosis, of a small segment of articular cartilage and bone. The affected area shows many of the features of ischaemic necrosis, including death of bone cells in the osteoarticular fragment and reactive vascularity and osteogenesis in the surrounding bone.
Osteonecrosis (Avascular Necrosis)
Published in Louis Solomon, David Warwick, Selvadurai Nayagam, Apley and Solomon's Concise System of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 2014
Louis Solomon, David Warwick, Selvadurai Nayagam
The term ‘osteochondrosis’ or ‘osteochondritis’ is applied to a group of conditions in which there is compression, fragmentation or separation of a small segment of bone, usually at the bone end and involving the attached articular surface. The affected portion of bone shows many of the features of ischaemic necrosis, including increased vascularity and reactive sclerosis in the surrounding bone. These conditions occur in children and adolescents, often during phases of rapid growth and increased physical activity.
Comprehensive review on intravertebral intraspinal, intrajoint, and intradiscal vacuum phenomenon: From anatomy and physiology to pathology
Published in Modern Rheumatology, 2021
Francesco Cianci, Gianfranco Ferraccioli, Edoardo Sean Ferraccioli, Elisa Gremese
Inside a joint structure it can occur in several anatomic sites, the temporomandibular, the sternoclavicular, the shoulder, the elbow, the wrist, the metacarpophalangeal, the sacroiliac, the hip, the knee, and the subtalar joints. It is the consequence in most cases of traumatic injuries [15]. Of particular interest in Pediatrics, is Panner’s disease [16], an osteochondrosis which is characterized by a disordered ossification center of the capitellum, The disease prevails in boys in the first decade of life. Since it is symptomatic it is in general preceded by a history of trauma or repetitive stress, more specifically valgus stress or increased axial load to the elbow [17].
Management of acute lesser toe pain
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2021
Jessyca Ray, Nicholas A. Andrews, Aseel Dib, Whitt M. Harrelson, Ankit Khurana, Maninder Shah Singh, Ashish Shah
Freiberg infraction is a rare disorder of the lesser metatarsals. The disease is a form of osteochondrosis, a group of disorders that describes a disruption of bone growth along with bone necrosis, that commonly affects the 2nd or 3rd metatarsal heads [26]. The process typically begins during adolescence with an insidious onset. Microtrauma, stress overload, and vascular necrosis are suspected to be contributing factors in the disease process [27].
When to consider “mixed pain”? The right questions can make a difference!
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2020
Rainer Freynhagen, Roberto Rey, Charles Argoff
As depicted in Table 2, in our patient eight of the nine questions point to the direction of an underlying chronic mixed pain state. The patient’s problems started with a pseudo-radicular nociceptive type of pain most likely due to degenerative multisegmental osteochondrosis and a concomitant facet joint syndrome. Over time, a nerve root impingement by a large synovial facet cyst overlapped the nociceptive pain with neuropathic symptoms of radiculopathy.