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The Special Sense Organs and Their Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
Treatment of glaucoma varies with the type and extent of the disease. Medical treatment involves increasing the ability of fluid to leave the eye, decreasing the amount of fluid entering the eye, or dehydration by hypertonic solutions. Pharmacologic agents used most often include miotics (cause contraction of the pupil), mydriatics (cause dilation of the pupil), beta-blockers, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Surgical terms include peripheral iridectomy, goniofomy, goniopuncture, laser trabeculectomy, iridencleisis, cyclodialysis, cyclodiathermy, cyclocryotherapy and sclerectomy.
Cholinergic Agonists
Published in Sahab Uddin, Rashid Mamunur, Advances in Neuropharmacology, 2020
Rupali Patil, Aman Upaganlawar
Surgical intervention by iridectomy using a surgical laser is helpful in closed-angle glaucoma. Aqueous humor is allowed to drain freely through severely congested, hypertensive eye via an opening in the iris (Fiscella et al., 2011; Weinreb et al., 2014).
Surgical Management of Mycotic Keratitis
Published in Mahendra Rai, Marcelo Luís Occhiutto, Mycotic Keratitis, 2019
Tadeu Cvintal, Diego Casagrande, Victor Cvintal
Clinical signs as perforation and anterior synechiae may infer iris and anterior chamber compromise, increasing the chance of mycotic endophthalmitis which can lead to a devastating prognosis. The author also proposes a sector iridectomy when iris involvement is visible.
Surgical Outcomes of Modified CO2 Laser-assisted Sclerectomy for Uveitic Glaucoma
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2022
Junyan Xiao, Chan Zhao, Yang Zhang, Anyi Liang, Yi Qu, Gangwei Cheng, Meifen Zhang
For the patients in both groups, after the measurement of baseline IOP, all IOP-lowering eye drops were stopped preoperatively and replaced by systematic medications. For the UG group, oral steroids were given to all patients at a dose equal to 1 mg of prednisone per kilogram of body weight on the day of surgery and gradually tapered based on the cellular response in the AC and type of uveitis. For the POAG group, oral steroids were given to a proportion of the patients to protect the optic nerve and visual function14,15 and stopped within 72 hours. Laser peripheral iridectomy (LPI) plus argon laser peripheral iridoplasty (ALPI) corresponding to the ablation area was performed within 1–3 days before the procedure using a LUMENIS® 635 nm diode laser (Lumenis Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, USA) and a VISULAS® 532 s diode laser (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA, USA). Before the laser procedures, pilocarpine eye drops (2%) were given 3 times at an interval of 10 minutes. The superior quadrant of the iris with wide gonio was selected as the site of LPI. The locations with PAS and heavy pigmentation were avoided. LPI was performed extremely close to the root of the iris and centered at the designed percolation area.
Rapid Resolution of Large and Non- Resolving Corneal Hydrops using a modified technique of compression sutures
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2022
Sunita Chaurasia, Muralidhar Ramappa, Somasheila Murthy
The goal of any surgical intervention in management of acute hydrops is to resolve the edema in the shortest time. The surgical technique described here involved partial air fill (with 100% air composition) in delineating the depth better, and only a small amount of air (~30%) was retained after surgery, which reduced to <10% on the first postoperative day. Using long-acting pneumatic tamponade gases or complete anterior chamber with air fill alone in large acute hydrops has not been reported to show a response in a day. Further, the disadvantage of descemetopexy with the long-acting gases is the propensity to cause pupillary block and raised intraocular pressure that could lead to other complications such as fixed dilated pupil and cataract.7 In such cases, a surgical peripheral iridectomy is required, which can be avoided in the currently described technique. Besides, prolonged air contact with posterior corneal surface can have endothelial toxicity11 and accelerate cataractogenesis. Also, the tamponade gases may not be effective in those with a large area of tear, especially when it exists in the inferior mid-peripheral parts of cornea.
Binocular Triplopia Due to Decompensated Congenital Superior Oblique Paresis in A Patient with Marfan Syndrome; A Case Report and Review of Literature
Published in Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility, 2021
Karthikeyan Arcot Sadagopan, Gong Hui, Nishant Radke, Timothy P. H. Lin, Dennis Lam
Examination revealed decentration and optic capture of the SFIOL OS as the cause of the monocular diplopia. He underwent IOL exchange in OS. During subsequent follow-up, he also developed monocular diplopia OD due to SFIOL decentration. Pre-operatively, a floppy iris in the right eye was noticed, especially inferiorly, increasing the risk of possible reverse pupillary block. Exchange of SFIOL was also performed in OD. Owing to prior optic capture in the fellow eye, a prophylactic inferior peripheral iridectomy (PI) was performed OD.1 Unfortunately, his monocular diplopia OD persisted post-operatively, and he now noted binocular triplopia. He also complained of binocular triplopia for which he was referred to the strabismus service. He had a family history of Marfan syndrome and his father had bilateral ectopia lentis. There was no history or findings suggestive of coexistent myasthenia or thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. His past medical history was unremarkable except for Marfan syndrome.