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Corneal Defects, Abrasions and Foreign Bodies
Published in Amy-lee Shirodkar, Gwyn Samuel Williams, Bushra Thajudeen, Practical Emergency Ophthalmology Handbook, 2019
In cases of mechanical trauma the mode of injury needs to be elicited from the history, remembering that high impact injuries carry a risk of penetrating globe damage. Abrasions are a one off event but the initial trauma (especially fingertip or sharp paper cut injuries) can lead to recurrent erosions, a syndrome whereby recurrent abrasions occur due to irregularity of healed epithelium and weakened adherence to its basement membrane. Recurrent corneal erosion syndrome can present many years after the initial trauma. Recurrent erosions occasionally occur in the presence of a corneal dystrophy, where irregularity of the epithelium, due to abnormal deposits in the cornea, are to blame. Patients usually experience intense pain, foreign body sensation and photophobia on waking, as the weak corneal epithelium is torn off as the eyelid opens up, having adhered to it as the cornea naturally dries overnight.
Balloon buckles for the repair of retinal detachment
Published in A Peyman MD Gholam, A Meffert MD Stephen, D Conway MD FACS Mandi, Chiasson Trisha, Vitreoretinal Surgical Techniques, 2019
Harvey Lincoff, Ingrid Kreissig
Complications from the balloon buckle operation are infrequent. Superficial corneal erosion occurred in 5% of eyes because of improper placement of the emerging end of the catheter. The complication can be avoided if care is taken to lead the catheter away from the cornea. Choroidal effusion was an infrequent complication in elderly patients. Infection occurred once in the first 1000 cases.21–;24 It presented as pain and a purulent discharge around the catheter on the fourth postoperative day. The infection responded promptly to removal of the catheter and application of topical antibiotics. The retina remained attached.
How to master MCQs
Published in Chung Nen Chua, Li Wern Voon, Siddhartha Goel, Ophthalmology Fact Fixer, 2017
Lattice dystrophy is an autosomal dominant condition. The lesions typically involve the central cornea with clear intervening spaces. The periphery is spared. The condition usually presents as recurrent corneal erosion syndrome. Vision is usually normal until the 40s. The most common type of amyloid seen is amyloid P rather than amyloid A. Most cases of lattice dystrophy have amyloidosis confined to the cornea. It has a higher recurrent rate within the graft compared with other forms of stromal dystrophy.
Safety review of anti-VEGF therapy in patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2022
Danny S. C. Ng, Mary Ho, Lawrence P.L. Iu, Timothy Y.Y. Lai
RADIANCE was a phase III, randomized, double-mask active-controlled, multicentered clinical trial which evaluated the efficacy and safety of two regimens of ranibizumab 0.5 mg compared with vPDT control group for myopic CNV [23,24]. Details of the treatment schedule and the main outcomes are listed in Table 1. At the 3-month primary endpoint and 12-month end of study, the two ranibizumab-treated groups had significantly better mean BCVA improvement compared with the vPDT control group. In terms of ocular serious adverse events, two cases were observed in the study eye including a case of corneal erosion (n = 1 [0.9%] in the visual stabilization group) that was suspected to be related to the ocular injection procedure [23]. The other ocular serious adverse event was a case of retinoschisis (n = 1 [0.8%] in the disease activity group). Non-ocular serious adverse events were observed in 11 patients (n = 6 [5.7%] in visual stabilization group and n = 5 [4.2%] in disease activity group) but none of them was suspected to be due to the study drug or intravitreal injection [23]. Other complications such as deaths, endophthalmitis, retinal detachment, myocardial infarction, or cerebrovascular events were not observed in the study [23]. The number of reported ocular adverse events in the visual stabilization and disease activities groups were 46 (43.4%) and 44 (37.3%) respectively, compared with 16 (42.1%) in the vPDT group. Most of the ocular adverse events were minor such as conjunctival hemorrhage and punctate keratitis.
Strategic advancements and multimodal applications of biofilm therapy
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2021
There are limited products containing bacteria forming biofilm on cell surface as the concept is novel in delivery system. Biogaia protectis drops, an important product containing microbial species L. reuteri helps in improving the digestive system of children. Genteal gel (Novartis) is ophthalmic product available in the market that is useful to prevent corneal erosion [95]. But the concept of incorporating the bacterial cells into the gel is recently introduced and known to few people. Further research in the field of biotechnology and microbiology create awareness for the product that can be useful to treat corneal erosion in better ways. Another product Mupimet ointment (Fourrts laboratories) is available in the market that prevents skin infections like impetigo [96]. The bacteria used in this product that forms film on the skin surface includes S. aureus.
Degeneration of Corneal Sensation and Innervation in Patients with Facial Paralysis: A Cross-Sectional Study Using in Vivo Confocal Microscopy
Published in Current Eye Research, 2019
Jiaying Zhang, Zhanlin Zhao, Chunyi Shao, Yao Fu, Xia Ding, Yuan Cao, Xiaowei Zhu, Xusheng Wu, Wei Wang, Xianqun Fan, Jin Li
Patients with corneal anesthesia were accompanied with more severe corneal lesions. Corneal innervation was diminished strikingly when comparing to the controls (Figure 2f). In other words, neurosurgeries, which may injure the trigeminal nerve and consequently induce corneal anesthesia, have put patients at high risks of developing exposure and neurotrophic keratopathy. The more severe the corneal sensory impairment is, the higher the rapidity of corneal erosion, or even perforation and sight loss. These findings echo a previous case series which reported similar corneal changes in eight patients with neurosurgically induced neurotrophic keratitis.25 The mouse model of neurotrophic keratitis after trigeminal nerve axotomy also demonstrates that corneal nerve damage is evident.26