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Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia
Published in Dongyou Liu, Tumors and Cancers, 2017
Ansar Hussain, Shiekh Aejaz Aziz, Gul Mohd. Bhat, A. R. Lone
Encompassing both benign and malignant lesions arising from the anomalous growth of trophoblastic tissue within the uterus, gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs) are classified into (1) trophoblastic neoplasms (choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor [PSTT], epithelioid trophoblastic tumor [ETT]), (2) molar pregnancies (hydatidiform mole [HM]—complete, partial, invasive, metastatic), and (3) nonneoplastic, nonmolar trophoblastic lesions (placental site nodule [PSN] and plaque, exaggerated placental site [EPS]) [1].
Propofol inhibits proliferation and metastasis by up-regulation of miR-495 in JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Hai Sun, Yingjian Wang, Wenyu Zhang
Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a unique gynaecological disease derived from the placenta and comprises of gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (GTN), hydatidiform mole (HM), nonneoplastic lesions and abnormal villous lesions [1]. Choriocarcinoma, one of the most aggressive gestational trophoblastic neoplasm, has drawn considerable attention since the first report of a metastatic choriocarcinoma patient being cured by methotrexate in 1956 [2]. Although choriocarcinoma is not a common disease, it can spread rapidly and has a mortality rate of nearly 100% if not been treated in time [3]. Recently, great progress has been made in understanding the physiological and pathological processes of human trophoblasts, yet the pathogenesis of choriocarcinoma is still not completely understood due to the increasing rarity of the disease and the lack of an animal model [4,5].
A rare case of urothelial carcinoma with syncytiotrophoblastic cell differentiation
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 2020
Rikke Vilsbøll Milling, Isa Charlotte Secher Niemann, Henning Nielsen Dominiak, Estrid Stæhr Hansen, Lone Sunde, Jørgen Bjerggaard Jensen
In this case, the most distinctive abnormal finding was the production of hCG. Normally, hCG is produced by the placental trophoblastic cells. Thus, in a non-pregnant woman, hCG production should give rise to the suspicion of gestational trophoblastic neoplasms such as choriocarcinomas. Although hCG production appears in other solid tumors, hCG positivity is most often seen in the poorly differentiated high-grade tumors, such as syncytiotrophoblastic differentiations, with staining positivity being correlated to the grade of the tumor [3]. The presence of syncytiotrophoblastic cells seems to be of significance, indicating an inferior prognosis with higher mortality compared to typical high-grade urothelial carcinomas, but the precise impact is unclarified [1].