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Histopathologic Classification of Human Sinonasal Tumors
Published in Gerd Reznik, Sherman F. Stinson, Nasal Tumors in Animals and Man, 2017
These myxomas occur mostly in younger persons. A similar tumor but with atypical cells, mitotic activity, and perhaps more cellularity, tends to occur in older patients and might better be termed myxofibrosarcoma.
Pleomorphic Sarcoma
Published in Dongyou Liu, Tumors and Cancers, 2017
Of the former MFH subtypes (i.e., storiform-pleomorphic [50–60%], myxoid [25%], giant cell [5–10%], and inflammatory [5–10%]), storiform-pleomorphic MFH is now recognized as “undifferentiated high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma,” giant cell MFH as “undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma with giant cells,” inflammatory MFH as “undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma with prominent inflammation,” and myxoid MFH as myxofibrosarcoma (of the myofibroblastic tumor category) [1,2].
Fibrous tumors
Published in Eckart Haneke, Histopathology of the NailOnychopathology, 2017
The low-grade myxofibrosarcoma exhibits more cellular atypia and has a uniformly myxoid stroma. It is mainly seen in adult women and seen in the proximal extremities. It grows to several centimeters without causing pain. Its origin is the deep subcutis from where it grows toward the dermis. Histologically, it displays a lobular pattern. Low-grade sarcomas are paucicellular with round to longitudinal pleomorphic cells in their prominently myxoid stroma. The nuclei are irregular and hyperchromatic and mitoses may be frequent. There are plenty of vessels with thin walls with vacuolar cells around them when stained for alcian blue.
OX40 and 4-1BB delineate distinct immune profiles in sarcoma
Published in OncoImmunology, 2022
MJ Melake, HG Smith, D Mansfield, E Davies, MT Dillon, AC Wilkins, EC Patin, M Pedersen, R Buus, AA Melcher, K Thway, AB Miah, SH Zaidi, AJ Hayes, TR Fenton, KJ Harrington, M McLaughlin
Archival histopathological samples were retrieved from the Royal Marsden Hospital tissue bank. This study was approved by the institutional review board (Committee for Clinical Research No. CCR4852). Consent was confirmed for all patients. Pre-treatment biopsy specimens were sourced from archival blocks from patients who received neoadjuvant radiotherapy followed by surgical resection. To note, only pre-treatment biopsies are analyzed as part of this study. Archival tissue was retrieved from a further 2 UPS patients who did not receive pre-operative radiotherapy. Retrieved samples were limited to patients diagnosed with soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities with the following histological subtypes – undifferentiated pleomorphic, myxofibrosarcoma, and myxoid liposarcoma. Samples from patients with recurrent or metastatic soft-tissue sarcomas were excluded.
Reverse lateral upper arm flaps for treating large soft tissue defects extending from the elbow to the forearm
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2022
Hideki Okamoto, Yohei Kawaguchi, Shinji Miwa, Hisaki Aiba, Hiroya Senda, Satona Murakami, Kazuo Hayakawa, Yuji Joyo, Hideki Murakami, Hiroaki Kimura
Case 1: The patient was a 61-year-old man. After undergoing biopsy at a dermatology department in a general hospital, he was referred to our department for a left forearm tumor. After resection of the myxofibrosarcoma by open biopsy, wide resection and full-thickness skin grafting were performed. There was no range of motion limitation in elbow and forearm function. One year later, the tumor recurred, and the patient underwent a second surgery after neoadjuvant therapy with chemotherapy and radiotherapy (Figure 1). Wide resection was performed on the tissue defect, including the portion that had been skin grafted in the previous surgery. A 19 × 6.5 cm reverse lateral upper arm flap was implanted for extensive soft tissue defects (Figure 2). Eight years and three months postoperatively, the extension of the elbow was 0°, flexion was 140°, and International Society of Limb Salvage score was 27 points, which indicated adequate function preservation in the elbow and forearm (Figure 3).
Risk factors for the development of local recurrence in extremity soft-tissue sarcoma
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2022
Fabio Tirotta, Raza Sayyed, Robin L Jones, Andrew J Hayes
Myxofibrosarcoma is one of the most common STS of the elderly and usually originates in the extremities [2,17]. Similarly to DFSP, its main feature is the tendency to spread on the superficial fascial plane with invasive and infiltrative growth patterns. This feature, which can also be present in case of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, can often be assessed radiologically as a tail sign (Figure 1) [18]. Unlike DFSP, myxofibrosarcoma can be substantially sized, with a recent large multi-institutional series demonstrating a median size of 6 cm, compared with less than 2 cm for DFSP [12,19]. This tendency toward circumferential spread along fascial planes and septa, and the associated large size results in a high LR rate of approximately 18–30% [17,19,20]. Although myxofibrosarcoma has a prominent tendency to recur locally, the overall prognosis is good even when a high-grade component is present [17]. Notably, tumor grade for myxofibrosarcoma predicts the risk of DM but not of LR. The latter is strictly related to the rate of positive margins. In a series analyzing 158 patients, the 5-year LR and DM rates were 18.2% and 14.6%, respectively; among patients who developed metastatic disease, 14 had a G3 and 7 a G2 myxofibrosarcoma. The remaining G1 cases metastasized after recurring as a higher-grade myxofibrosarcoma [17].