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Histiocytic and Dendritic Cell Neoplasms
Published in Dongyou Liu, Tumors and Cancers, 2017
Classified along with mature B-cell neoplasms, mature T and NK neoplasms, Hodgkin lymphoma, and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) under the mature lymphoid, histiocytic, and dendritic neoplasms category, histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms consist of (i) histiocytic sarcoma (HS), (ii) Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), (iii) Langerhans cell sarcoma (LCS), (iv) indeterminate dendritic cell tumor (IDCT), (v) interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS), (vi) follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS), (vii) disseminated juvenile xanthogranuloma (DJX), and (viii) Erdheim–Chester disease (ECD) (Table 27.1) [1].
Other Tumors
Published in Wojciech Gorczyca, Atlas of Differential Diagnosis in Neoplastic Hematopathology, 2014
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma is a spindle cell neoplasm showing a variety of growth patterns (whorled, storiform, fascicular, and nodular) [24–30]. Both low- and high-grade features may predominate. These tumors are positive for CD21 and CD23 in the majority of cases, may be positive for CD35 and epidermal growth factor receptor, and usually lack CD45. B- and T-cell markers and CD30 are negative. Occasional cases may express S100, clusterin, and CD68. It occurs primarily in the lymph nodes, but extranodal sites have been reported. The lymph nodes (Figures 39.21 and 39.22) contain clusters or sheets of spindle cells with elongated nuclei, eosinophilic cytoplasm, and mild to moderate pleomorphism. Nucleoli are present and may be conspicuous. The tumor cells are mixed with small lymphocytes, with a prominent perivascular cuffing. The uninvolved lymphoid tissue contains small lymphocytes with occasional germinal centers. The behavior of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma is more reminiscent of a low-grade soft tissue sarcoma than a malignant lymphoma and is characterized by local recurrence and occasional metastases.
A case of spindle cell dominant histiocytic sarcoma showing a complete remission after first-line chemotherapy with doxorubicin and ifosfamide
Published in Journal of Chemotherapy, 2020
Yusuke Nakamura, Akihiro Takemasa, Yoshitomo Kushima, Sayo Soda, Naoya Ikeda, Ryo Arai, Kazuyuki Chibana, Yoshimasa Nakazato, Tomoyuki Yokose, Yasuo Shimizu, Seiji Niho
HS is an extremely rare hematopoietic neoplasm that is often misdiagnosed as non-Hodgkin lymphoma.2 Diagnosis requires recognition of the atypical histiocytic morphology of tumor cells and expression of histiocyte-associated markers, followed by exclusion of the many differential diagnoses using extensive immunohistochemical markers.2 The differential diagnosis of HS includes malignant lymphomas, LCS, interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS), and follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS).1–3 In our patient, the histiocyte markers CD 68 and CD163 were both positive. LCS was excluded because CD1a was negative, CD4 positivity did not support IDCS, and FDCS was excluded as CD21 negative.5,12 In addition, T cell and B cell lymphoma were excluded as cells negative for CD3 and CD20. Considering all the above, we made a final diagnosis of HS in this patient.
Successful Treatment of Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma Presenting as Multiple Parotid Tumors
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica Case Reports, 2019
Yasuyuki Kajimoto, Naoki Otsuki, Masanori Teshima, Yukiko Morinaga, Tomoo Itoh, Ken-Ichi Nibu
The surgical specimens were whitish in color and soft (Figure 2(B)). Microscopic examination of the tumor specimens from the parotid gland revealed that large clear cells propagated between neutrophils and lymphocytes. Tumor cells contained large nuclei with unique Notch complexes. The findings from the specimen of the lymph node were similar, but increased nuclear pleomorphism with unusual giant cells, and brisk mitotic activity were observed. Immunohistochemical studies showed diffuse positivity for S-100, CD163, and CD4. The specimen tested negative for all other markers: CD1a, CD21, CD30, HMB45, AE1/3, αSMA, and langerin (Figure 3). The positivity of S-100, CD163, and CD4 indicated that the tumor was a histiocytic/dendritic cell tumor. The negativity of CD21 and CD23 did not correspond to a diagnosis of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma, whereas the negativity of CD1a and langerin did not correspond to a diagnosis of Langerhans cell sarcoma. Based on these finding, the final pathological diagnosis of IDCS was made.
Uncommon retroperitoneal tumour: follicular dendritic cell sarcoma
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2021
Fabio Carboni, Renato Covello, Luca Bertini, Mario Valle
Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma (FDCS) is an uncommon malignancy of the accessory immune cells usually occurring in head and neck lymph nodes but it can also arise in extranodal sites [1,2]. Retroperitoneal tumours have been only sporadically reported. Accurate diagnosis requires a combination of both morphological and immunohistochemical analyses. Due to their aggressive biologic behaviour, low survival rates with high incidence of local recurrence and metastasis have been reported [1,2]. Complete surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment.