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Animal Models of Spinal Cord Compression
Published in Yuehuei H. An, Richard J. Friedman, Animal Models in Orthopaedic Research, 2020
Shimpei Miyamoto, Kazuo Yonenobu, Keiro Ono
Al-Mefty et al. achieved subclinical cervical cord compression in dogs by placing a Teflon screw anteriorly and a Teflon washer posteriorly, producing and average of % stenosis of the spinal canal.1 They reported that twelve of fourteen dogs developed delayed and progressive signs of myelopathy, with a mean latent period to onset of myelopathy of seven months. It is noteworthy that this model of cervical spondylotic myelopathy allowed control of the spinal cord compression, an assessment of neurologic deficits, imaging evaluations like MRI, SEP recordings, SCBF measurements, and postmortem histopathologic examinations.
Developmental and Acquired Disorders of The Spine
Published in Milosh Perovitch, Radiological Evaluation of the Spinal Cord, 2019
Clinical signs of cervical spondylotic myelopathy should be distinguished from various other diseases, which may often be quite difficult. Differential diagnosis should include disseminated sclerosis, cervical disk herniation, neoplasms of the spinal cervical cord, syringomyelia, thoracic spinal cord tumor, extramedullary tumors such as meningioma, hematomyelia, cerebellar ataxia, lateral sclerosis, and sometimes cerebral lesions. Thus, the decision regarding the origin of the symptoms may be uncertain, and at this point, radiologic examination may prove helpful.
Posterior cervical surgery
Published in Michael Y. Wang, Andrea L. Strayer, Odette A. Harris, Cathy M. Rosenberg, Praveen V. Mummaneni, Handbook of Neurosurgery, Neurology, and Spinal Medicine for Nurses and Advanced Practice Health Professionals, 2017
Dennis T. Lockney, Angela Wolfe, Daniel J. Hoh
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy is a condition of progressive neurologic decline. Natural history suggests that 75% of patients have a step-wise worsening of their disease, with intervening periods of stable function. Twenty percent have a gradual, progressive decline, and 5% suffer more rapid deterioration. Surgical outcomes depend largely on severity and duration of preoperative symptoms and function. In general, longer duration and worse deficits are associated with poorer prognosis. Therefore, intervening early before severe chronic disability may be advised.
Body activity grading strategy for cervical rehabilitation training
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
The symptoms of cervical spondylotic myelopathy include neck pain, stiffness, cervical vertigo, hand numbness, shoulder-back constriction, nausea, and vomiting. It is agreed that active cervical rehabilitation training is a useful means of treatment or relief (Hurwitz et al. 2008; Dedering et al. 2018), which usually involves strengthening, stretching, and stabilizing physical therapy (PT) exercises (Gross et al. 2016). To investigate the performance of these exercises, head rotation must be tracked accurately. In this paper, IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor is used as the data collection unit. As depicted in Figure 1, an IMU sensor is attached at the user’s forehead by following the sensor placement principles mentioned in Qiu et al. (2022), which is a widely accepted setup in previous research (Ionut-Cristian and Dan-Marius 2021).
Accurate simulation of the herniated cervical intervertebral disc using controllable expansion: a finite element study
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2021
Dong Liang, Guan-Jun Tu, Ya-Xin Han, Da-Wei Guo
In healthy adults, the cervical intervertebral disc mainly comprises the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus. With increasing age, the chemical composition of above tissues deteriorates (Baptiste and Fehlings 2006). Horizontally or vertically cleaving emerges in the posterior part of the disc. Part of the nucleus pulposus is prolapsed through the annulus into the epidural space and results in myelopathy by pinching the spinal cord. Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is largely accepted to be a degenerative disease characterized as dysfunction of the cervical spinal cord caused by progressive and chronic compression. Neurological symptoms caused by CSM vary from individual to individual, which can be as mild as hand numbness or be as severe as full tetraplegia. The difference in symptoms is mainly due to the degree of spinal cord compression and the cross-sectional cord deformed shape (Nouri et al. 2015). The influence of mechanical load on the extent of spinal cord injury is presently undisputed.
Relationship Between Sagittal Balance and Axial Symptoms in Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Treated with Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2020
Yijian Zhang, Hao Liu, Huilin Yang, Bin Pi
A total of 67 consecutive patients (37 males and 30 females aged 29–79 years) who underwent anterior cervical myelopathy and fusion for cervical spondylotic myelopathy between January 2014 and December 2016 were enrolled in this study and examined before and after surgery. The following inclusion criteria were considered: (1) Patients were diagnosed with cervical spondylotic myelopathy on CT or MRI; (2) patients had signs and symptoms of spinal cord compression; and (3) patients were refractory to conservative treatment for at least 6 months. The following exclusion criteria were considered: (1) ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament or cervical spondylotic radiculopathy; (2) history of previous cervical or other spinal surgery or disease; (3) tumors or trauma; (4) infection; and (5) other neurologic diseases.