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Risk Perception, Risk Management, and Safety Assessments
Published in Ayodeji Olalekan Salau, Shruti Jain, Meenakshi Sood, Computational Intelligence and Data Sciences, 2022
N. Indumathi, R. Ramalakshmi, N. Selvapalam, V. Ajith
Over 90% of the workforce for the fireworks industries is generated from the nearby villages, and most of them have not completed their secondary education and thus they lack knowledge of the chemicals that they handle for making fireworks. A process safety analysis is carried out on the manufacturing steps and the system security. This safety analysis produces safe environment for manufacturing and also reduces hazards in the workplace (Moshashaei and Alizadeh, 2017). However, unsafe operations of chemicals always lead to accidents due to chemical spills, friction, electricity, dragging, transport moisture, waste disposal, etc. Industries and workers should follow the safety precautions to prevent accidents (Rajathilagam & Azhagurajan, 2012). To create a safe environment, it is crucial that the management ought to have the dedication to set up a secure environment. The management has to provide top priority to the safety of the workers. On the other hand, workers should be alert while handling these explosive chemicals while at work. They have to observe protection precautions and regulations of the factory with proper protection training, and thus, the employees should be offered an effective protection education time to time to prevent any kind of unexpected accidents (Sales et al., 2007).
Employment Law and Occupational Health and Safety
Published in Julie Dickinson, Anne Meyer, Karen J. Huff, Deborah A. Wipf, Elizabeth K. Zorn, Kathy G. Ferrell, Lisa Mancuso, Marjorie Berg Pugatch, Joanne Walker, Karen Wilkinson, Legal Nurse Consulting Principles and Practices, 2019
Kathleen P. Buckheit, Moniaree Parker Jones
Several OSHA standards require the employer to train employees in the safety and health aspects of their jobs. Other standards require the employer to limit certain job assignments to employees who have been trained or certified as qualified for the job with the goal of safety in mind. One such example is the OSHA requirements found in the Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals Standard (29 CFR 1910.119; see Appendix A), which contains several special requirements. The location of a written hazardous chemical training program must be communicated, readily accessible to all employees, and training records must be kept. There must be safe handling of hazardous chemicals with controls in place to protect workers. Labeling systems for hazardous chemicals must be in place, and training must be provided with emphasis on emergency procedures in the event of an exposure. Training must include contract workers and be maintained on a regular basis to include training for life-threatening emergencies (U.S. DOL, OSHA, 2012b).
International Regulations for Hair Care Products
Published in Dale H. Johnson, Hair and Hair Care, 2018
Richard M. Bednarz, Thomas E. Hamernik
Additional detailed cosmetic product information is required to be maintained within company files as part of the information dossiers referenced earlier in the discussion on product safety (see Article 7a of the directive). This information includes: Qualitative/quantitative compositionRaw material and finished product specificationsManufacturing processSafety assessmentIdentity and qualifications of safety assessorAdverse-experience dataEfficacy data
Applying lessons from aviation safety culture in the hospitality industry: a review and road map
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Kristina Stosic, Nicklas Dahlstrom, Chantinee Boonchai
Contemporary aviation regulators, such as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), distinguish between occupational health and safety, as the well-being of employees at work, and aviation safety, which concerns safe operation of aircraft [20]. Grote [26] labels these two types of safety as personal and process safety, where the latter is the predominant area of systemic improvement efforts. Aviation process safety utilized many accident cause analyses models to improve safety throughout history [28]. Some older models are now considered too simplistic, such as early cause and effect models, of which one example is the domino model [28]. Other models consider multiple causes and effects, such as James Reason’s very popular Swiss cheese model, while the most complex models adopt the circular or systemic views of aviation incidents and systems [28]. Apart from the initial overly simplistic models, all models acknowledge interaction between technology and human operators. Recent and more complex models also include impact of the environment and organizational components, of which one is safety culture. Although both personal and process safety in aviation often align, as employees have to remain safe on flights in order to safely operate them, in some industries process safety does not always include personal safety [26]. However, if organizations prioritize safety and foster positive safety culture, both process and personal safety are then equally encouraged, and lead to organizations’ overall improvement of safety [26].
Analysis of chemical engineering curriculum to improve process safety competency
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Salwa Sofri, D. M. Reddy Prasad, Mohammad Hazwan Bin Azri, Aisah Timbang
Major chemical plant accidents resulting in fire, explosion and toxic release are prone to risk the environment, the health and safety of the workers and the public. Process safety (PS) is intended to prevent and mitigate these accidents. It is important to note that PS differs from health, safety and environment (HSE); PS focuses on whole-system behaviours and facility design to prevent unintentional hazard release, while HSE deals with human behaviour – maintaining awareness of personnel safety, including slips, falls, illness, etc. General PS covers gas dynamics, high-speed flow modelling, non-equilibrium thermodynamics, shock waves and pressure waves, fire and explosions in physical chemistry, multiphase flow theory, and vessel and piping structural behaviour [4]. The significance of developing PS competency can be gleaned from the increasing scale and complexity of the modern chemical process industries, making it harder to control the operation safely and thus heightening the risk of incidents [1].
Exploring the relationships between safety and maintenance in the cold generation process: insights from the functional resonance analysis method
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Marcelo Fabiano Costella, Graciela Aparecida Pelegrini, Heleia Bortolosso, Paulo Vicari, Francieli Dalcanton
Applying a FRAM model identifies the critical points of process safety in everyday practice. The application of the method consists of four steps. The first is to identify and describe the system’s primary functions and characterize each function using the six essential characteristics (called aspects). Together, the functions constitute a FRAM model. The six aspects form a hexagonal structure and will be addressed in the following. The second step is to characterize the potential variability of the FRAM model’s functions and develop a possible natural variability in one or more model implementations. The third step is to determine the possibility of functional resonance based on dependencies between the functions, given their potential for natural variability. The final step is to develop recommendations on controlling and influencing the variability, either by reducing the variability that can lead to undesirable results or increasing the variability that can lead to desired results [14].