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Extraction and Chemistry of Rubber Allergens
Published in Robert N. Phalen, Howard I. Maibach, Protective Gloves for Occupational Use, 2023
Depree et al.34 used the aforementioned cobalt screening method and an HPLC-UV method modified from their previous study of DTCs in condoms,37 to survey 38 brands of “off-the-shelf” latex and nitrile exam gloves. This method allows for analyses of ZDTCs on a standard, non-PEEK-lined HPLC system, and aliquots of the same ACN glove extracts can be used for both screening and HPLC-UV analyses. A saturated solution of dimethyldithiocarbamate (ZDMC) in ACN was injected to condition the HPLC sample flow path by binding nickel to prevent loss of other DTCs. ZDMC was added to the sample extracts to help maintain the conditioning. DTCs were quantified by their absorbance at 260 nm and MBT at 320 nm. ZDMC was not added to extracts for MBT analyses. It was determined that ZDMC was not present in the extracts by assaying extracts in which ZDMC was not added to the extract and with ZDEC being used as the HPLC conditioning agent. Only ZDEC, ZDBC, and MBT were found in these gloves. Thiurams were not found in any of the glove extracts. Accelerator content was found to be lower in powder-free vs. powdered gloves. In this study, visible chromatographic peaks ≥ the low standards of 31.3 µg/mL for ZDTCs and 0.24 µg/mL for MBT were quantified. ZDEC and ZDBC detection limits were reported to be 5 and 10 µg/mL, respectively.
Analytical and toxicological aspects of dithiocarbamates: an overview of the last 10 years
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2022
Jéssica Cristina Romoli, Deborah Thais Palma Scarferla, Raul Gomes Aguera, Renata Sano Lini, Giseli Cristina Pante, Carlos Roberto Bueno Junior, Juliana Cristina Castro, Simone Aparecida Galerani Mossini, Camila Marchioni, Miguel Machinski Junior
In case of acute poisoning by dimethyldithiocarbamate or EBDCs, the use of activated carbon should be considered if the poisoning is recent (less than one hour), provided that the airway is preserved (TOXBASE 2019). The medication to be used must be diazepam, lorazepam or midazolam, and the same applies to the case of constant seizures. In order to control flushing, antihistamines can be used. In addition, in case of fluid-resistant hypotension, the patient should be referred to an intensive care unit. There has been no report of an antidote against these substances. Treatment is only supportive (TOXBASE 2019).