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Implications for Risk Management
Published in Samuel C. Morris, Cancer Risk Assessment, 2020
One practical approach to managing risks of emissions to the environment is to require that the best available technology (BAT) be applied to controlling the emissions. The use of BAT implicitly recognizes that demanding zero emissions is impracticable and would lead to shut-down of industries and home furnaces. EPA applied this approach instead of a strict interpretation of Section 112 of the Clean Air Act (dealing with hazardous air pollutants), which would require zero-discharge standards for carcinogens (Haigh et al., 1984).
Telemedicine in developing countries: Perspectives from the Philippines
Published in Richard Wootton, Nivritti G. Patil, Richard E. Scott, Kendall Ho, Telehealth in the Developing World, 2019
These video modules last 7–10 minutes each and are narrated in the vernacular with English subtitles. The audiences are community health care volunteers in remote communities. After the video showing, an interactive question and answer session is established between the expert in Manila and the volunteers using the best available technology (ranging from videoconferencing to mobile phone calls). Various telecommunication media have been employed for the educational sessions which are held in various locations (Figure 3.1): childhood poisoning between Manila and Basak Pardo, Cebu, using broadband Internet (Figure 3.2)stroke between Manila and Nueva Vizcaya, using cellphonesavian influenza and tuberculosis between Manila and Roxas City and Tapaz, Capiz Province, using Internet videoconferencing.
Part-time occupational health work
Published in Frank McKenna, David Pickersgill, The GP’s Guide to Professional and Private Work Outside the NHS, 2018
Risk represents the probability of a hazard causing harm or damage to people, plant or premises. A sequence of steps first embodied in the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations 1988 are now applied to the identification and control of any risks at the place of work. The best available technology not entailing excessive cost must be used to achieve that end.
A systematic review on biomonitoring of individuals living near or working at solid waste incinerator plants
Published in Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 2019
Laura Campo, Petra Bechtold, Lucia Borsari, Silvia Fustinoni
In the framework of the so-called 3 R policy, that is reduction of production, re-use of waste, and recovery in terms of material and energy, modern waste incineration technology aims to treat waste so as to reduce its volume and hazard, to capture, concentrate and destroy potentially harmful substances and to recover energy from combustion (World Health Organization 2007). Regulations are in force in most countries to regulate SWI emissions, technical requirements, and operating conditions. Different guiding principles for setting environmental standards are adopted in the different countries, among which the “prudence avoidance principle”, the “precautionary principle”, the “Best Available Technology” (BAT) and the “as low as reasonably achievable” principle (Liu et al. 2015).
Robert T. Drew, Ph.D. (1936–2018)
Published in Inhalation Toxicology, 2018
From NYU, Bob moved on to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) in Research Triangle Park, NC, where from 1970–1976 he developed and managed the intramural inhalation toxicology operations for the Institute. There he developed lifetime friendships with colleagues Jack Moore and Gene McConnell. These friendships bridged professional and fun times that he often spoke about with great affection. His next 10 years were spent at Brookhaven National Laboratory where he designed de novo a state-of-the-art inhalation facility with associated biology laboratories to conduct multi-discipline air pollution studies for the Department of Energy and NIH. Bob finished his 30-year career as Director of the Health and Environmental Sciences Department at the American Petroleum Institute in Washington, DC from 1986–1997. There, he sought to connect the private and public regulatory sectors with the best available technology approaches to abate emissions from petroleum combustion processes. Along the path of his distinguished career, he was a Diplomat of the American Board of Toxicology where he also served as its President. Bob was also a recipient of the Herbert E. Stokinger award for Toxicology by the American Industrial Hygiene Association, a peer award that publically acknowledged his many scientific accomplishments and contributions.