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The Auditory System and Nutrition
Published in Alan R. Hirsch, Nutrition and Sensation, 2023
External sounds outside of the body, extrasomatic acoustics if you will, also can influence eating behavior. A long-recognized phenomenon by restaurateurs and bartenders is that of enhancement of imbibing in the spirits amongst patrons when background music is present. Since the social environment has been demonstrated to modify food intake, it is unclear how much direct influence sounds have on this behavior (Edelman, Engel, Bronstein, and Hirsch 1986). Increased consumption in response to increase in music tempo has been found. The reason for such is unclear, but may partly be due to tempo entrained mandibulation and deglutition, since an increase in the number of bites correlates with music speed (Roballey et al. 1985).
Hearing and Musicians’ Recent Findings on Hearing Health and Auditory Enhancement
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Sávia Leticia Menuzzo Quental, Maria Isabel Ramos do Amaral, Christiane Marques do Couto
In addition to high-fidelity universal protectors, which offer a sound attenuation of 20 dB, there are available in the market the customized protectors which are manufactured using the canal acoustics of the user. Made using different materials (silicone, acrylic), they have an attenuator along the channel that, together with the depth of the mold, produces a resonance around 2.7 kHz. The resulting attenuation can be equivalent to 9, 15, or 25 dB, which is selected according to the degree of exposure of the musician (Johnson, 2014).
From listening to hearing
Published in Alan Bleakley, Educating Doctors’ Senses Through the Medical Humanities, 2020
He also called these cylinders ‘chest speakers’, resonating with the musical idea of a ‘chest voice’ in singers. Flautists too needed an educated chest action to obtain a tone like the human voice. Laennec’s cylinder was then a reverse flute, ‘blown’ into by the patient as player with the doctor as both audience and conductor – asking the patient to take a breath, hold your breath, cough, breathe regularly, breathe deeply, talk normally. The doctor-as-conductor analogy can be taken further: as the arts of percussion and auscultation took the doctor into the interior space of the patient’s body and his own head, so these diagnostic activities are shaped by the acoustics of the spaces in which they occur. A nascent ‘medical acoustics’ emerges. Auscultation in a small, enclosed space with curtains yields a different result to auscultation in a large, open space, and so medical acoustics embraces context (‘stage’, ‘theatre’, ‘hall’) merging with ‘hospital soundscapes’ (Rice 2013). Finally, as an asthmatic, Laennec was particularly sensitive to lung sounds. He embodies the longstanding notion of the ‘wounded healer’.
Development of a public audiology service in Southern Malawi: profile of patients across two years
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2021
Bhavisha Parmar, Mwanaisha Phiri, Courtney Caron, Tess Bright, Wakisa Mulwafu
Sound Seekers funded the training of the first two Malawian audiologists who successfully completed their Masters level (MSc) audiology training at the University of Manchester (Manchester, UK) in 2015. At the time of writing, there is one audiologist, five audiology officers, one ear mould technician and an office manager employed by the QECH audiology clinic. Audiology officers are nurses or clinical officers who have received diploma qualifications in audiology or hearing aid acoustics. In April 2018, the volunteer Audiologist handed the management and operations of the clinic and outreach services to the Malawian audiologists. Following completion of the project, all services were handed over to QECH in April 2019. Since the handover, as committed by the MoH, the clinic services continue. However, outreach services have been limited to periods when there is funding available either through the hospital or external organisations.
An incoherent HIFU transducer for treatment of the medial branch nerve: Numerical study and in vivo validation
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2020
J. Chen, S. LeBlang, A. Hananel, R. Aginsky, J. Perez, M. Gofeld, Y. Shir, J. F. Aubry
At each location pigs were treated with a 50 s duration at approximately 40 W (total acoustic energy of 2000 J). The transducer was calibrated using radiation force balance (RFB) measurement to assess the acoustic power used for each pigs. A high frequency acoustic absorber plate (AptFlex series, Precision Acoustics, UK) was attached to the bottom of a water bath. The water bath was placed on an electrical balance with the transducer connected to a mechanical arm and positioned directly above the absorber. The acoustic power was found to be 40.5 and 43 acoustic watts for pigs 1 and 2 respectively. Total energy delivered was 2025 and 2150 acoustic joules, respectively. For each pig we created three lesions at the junction of the transvers process and facet process, which is the anatomical location of the MBN on the dorsal aspects of L2, L3 and L4 vertebras on the right side.
A critical review of the literature on comfort of hearing protection devices: definition of comfort and identification of its main attributes for earplug types
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2019
Olivier Doutres, Franck Sgard, Jonathan Terroir, Nellie Perrin, Caroline Jolly, Chantal Gauvin, Alessia Negrini
In this article, we propose a holistic construct of comfort for HPDs (and more generally for all types of “ear devices”: in-ear, on-ear and over-the-ear devices) adapted from the definition of comfort of Branson and Sweeney (1991). The word comfort is thus used as a global perception characterising a balance between the physical, functional, acoustical, and psychological factors associated with the relationship between the user and his/her HPD in a context of specified use (here, a given work environment). The proposed construct for HPD comfort is multidimensional and includes the following four dimensions: (1) the “physical” dimension related to the user perception resulting from biomechanical and thermal interactions; (2) the “functional” dimension, which corresponds to the practical acceptability of HPDs that refers to the usability, efficiency and usefulness of the HPD; (3) the “acoustical” dimension related to the modification of the perception of both external and internal noises; (4) the “psychological” dimension, which refers to the well-being of the user (assessed for example through trust, habituation and satisfaction). Acoustics being a branch of physics, attributes belonging to the acoustical dimension should rigorously be included in the physical one. However, because of the great importance of the acoustical dimension for HPDs (but also for all types of ear devices in general), the authors decided deliberately to separate the two and put a special emphasis on acoustical comfort attributes.