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Uterine Anomalies and Masses
Published in S Paige Hertweck, Maggie L Dwiggins, Clinical Protocols in Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 2022
Rudimentary uterine hornIf horn contains endometrium, can cause cyclical pain and retrograde menstruationMRI is best imaging modalityCan attempt continuous hormonal suppression menstrual suppression until the patient is ready for definitive excisionResection can be completed laparoscopically or via laparotomyIf associated with a non-rudimentary uterus that is not damaged during resection, the patient can attempt labor and a vaginal birthIf the horn is communicating, counsel regarding the potential for pregnancy in horn and risk of uterine rupture
Paper 2
Published in Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw, The Final FRCR, 2020
Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw
Uterus didelphys is complete duplication of the uterine horns leading to two separate uterine cavities and cervices. A unicornuate uterus is where there is just one uterine horn and fallopian tube and there may be a rudimentary horn on the contralateral side. Renal anomalies are most common with this subtype. Uterine agenesis is when the uterus has not formed at all and the upper two-thirds of the vagina will also be absent; however, the ovaries and fallopian tubes may or may not be present.
Reproductive system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
Previously, laparoscopy or MRI was necessary for diagnosis, but with the advent of 3D technology, spatial manipulation of the volume data and thus multiplanar views are possible, as shown in Fig. 8.12b, and congenital uterine anomalies have been easier to classify [62]. In this case, demonstration of the double cervix enabled the correct diagnosis of didelphys bicollis, a complete duplication of uterine horns as well as duplication of the cervix, with no communication between them.
Long-term reproductive effects of benzo(a)pyrene at environmentally relevant dose on juvenile female rats
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
Ana Carolina Casali Reis, Bárbara Campos Jorge, Beatriz Rizzo Paschoalini, Jéssica Nogueira Bueno, Julia Stein, Suyane da Silva Moreira, Beatriz de Matos Manoel, Glaura Scantamburlo Alves Fernandes, Hamilton Hisano, Arielle Cristina Arena
To evaluate a possible estrogenic activity of BaP, immature female rats on PND 21 (Odum et al.1997, Arena et al.2008) received 0.1 µg/kg/day of BaP for 3 consecutive days, by oral gavage. The vehicle was administered as a negative control, while estradiol benzoate (β-Estradiol 3-Benzoate, Sigma; 0.4 mg/kg/day) was used as a positive control for estrogenicity (Figure 1). Twenty-four hours after the final dose, the females were weighted and anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (40 mg/kg, i.p.). Uteri were excised, trimmed free of fat, pierced, and blotted to remove fluid. The body of the uterus was cut just above its junction with the cervix and the junction of the uterine horns with the ovaries (Odum et al.1997). Wet uterus weights were determined and expressed as relative weights (wet uterus weight/body weight × 100).
The potentialities of oxytocin receptor inhibitors for endometriosis therapy
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2020
Maria Yarmolinskaya, Vladislav Khobets, Tatyana Tral, Natalia Tkachenko
The estimation of endometriosis treatment with OXTR (IOXTR) inhibitors was performed based on rat disease model. Animal care and their laboratory use was approved by the Ethical Committee and was run in accordance with World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. The study involved 24 Wistar line rats in the age of 10–12 weeks weighing 220–290 g. All the animals underwent three subsequent surgical interventions. Stage 1 comprised endometriosis model formation by means of laparotomy in compliance with the existing technology [14]. The surgical intervention included extirpation of one uterine horn with subsequent bilateral ovariectomy. Then, autotransplantation of two uterine horn fragments was performed to both sides of the internal abdominal wall surface orienting the endometrium toward the parietal peritoneum. In order to get a high estrogen background, all animals received ethinyl estradiol 50 mcg/kg injection.
Combined chemotherapy and allogeneic human Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocyte-immunotherapies efficiently control the development of human epithelial ovarian cancer cells in vivo
Published in OncoImmunology, 2019
Noémie Joalland, Laura Lafrance, Thibauld Oullier, Séverine Marionneau-Lambot, Delphine Loussouarn, Ulrich Jarry, Emmanuel Scotet
For human EOC cells orthotopic implantation, NSG mice received 0,15 µg/g buprenorphine by subcutaneous injection 15 min before being anesthetized with isoflurane 2%. Skin was disinfected using povidone-iodine 5% (e.g., Vetidine) and a 5 mm incision was made, on the left flank, parallel to the spine, between the last rib and the iliac crest. Muscle and peritoneum were also incised before exteriorizing the left ovary by carefully pulling the fat attached to this organ using atraumatic forceps. Tumor cells suspended in PBS were injected directly into the ovary, using a NanoFil syringe (WPI, Sarasota, FL). After repositioning the ovary, muscles and skin were closed with Vicryl 4–0 (Ethicon, Somerville, NJ). Local analgesia was enhanced by application of lidocaine gel 2% (Xylocaine, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK) on the scar. Mice stayed in a warm environment until full recovery and received 0,15 µg/g buprenorphine twice a day for 48 h after surgery. For ovariectomy and tumor resection, anesthesia and analgesia were carried out in the same manner as described above. Skin, muscles, and peritoneum were incised on the scar. Next, the left ovary and uterine horn were exposed and clamped close to the bottom of the uterine horn. A single ligature was placed around the uterine horn and blood vessels before being cut just above the clamp and the ligature.