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Pregnancy – wanted and unwanted
Published in Suzanne Everett, Handbook of Contraception and Sexual Health, 2020
If a pregnancy test is positive and a woman wishes to continue with the pregnancy, she can usually self-refer to her general practitioner for antenatal care to be organised. However sometimes women are unprepared for a positive result and may need time to discuss this with their partner. An appointment should be made at a convenient time, preferably with you, soon. It is useful to work out the gestation of the pregnancy as this will give you an idea of when to see your client for a follow-up appointment. You should discuss the options available to her so that she can think and discuss this with her partner. Some women already have a suspicion that they are pregnant and have thought about their options already, basing a decision on their feelings.
Clinical Data Analytics
Published in Arvind Kumar Bansal, Javed Iqbal Khan, S. Kaisar Alam, Introduction to Computational Health Informatics, 2019
Arvind Kumar Bansal, Javed Iqbal Khan, S. Kaisar Alam
A clinical trial of a home-based pregnancy test was performed on a sample of 1,000 women. In the population, 100 women are truly pregnant, and the remaining 900 women are not pregnant. The test finds that 80 women out of 100 women are pregnant. It also finds that 20 women of the remaining 900 women are pregnant. What can you infer about sensitivity and specificity? Explain.
SBA Questions
Published in Justin C. Konje, Complete Revision Guide for MRCOG Part 2, 2019
A 20-year-old woman is seen in the Emergency Department complaining of vague lower abdominal pain. She has never been pregnant, though having unprotected sexual intercourse. A pregnancy test is performed and is positive. She is examined and found to be clinically stable with a BP of 115/70 mmHg and a pulse of 76 bpm. The abdomen is mildly tender, but there is no guarding. The only positive finding on bimanual examination is mild adnexal tenderness. An ultrasound is performed and shows the presence of echogenic fluid in the pouch of Douglas. What is the most likely explanation for this fluid in this patient?Intrauterine pregnancy with normal peritoneal fluidMid-cycle peritoneal fluidRuptured ectopic pregnancySlowly leaking tubal ectopic (leakage of blood from the fimbrial end)Tubal miscarriage (abortion)
Adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women living with HIV in Hubei province, China: prevalence and risk factors
Published in AIDS Care, 2023
Mengmeng Wu, Yajun Yan, Shi Zou, Songjie Wu, Ling Feng, Yanbin Liu, Wei Guo, Weiming Tang, Ke Liang
This prospective cohort study was conducted between January 2004 to December 2020. During the study period, all pregnant women who were confirmed with HIV infection during the antenatal care period in Hubei Province were recruited. If a participant had more than one pregnancy during the study period, each pregnancy was treated as a separate event. The participant who had one of the following conditions were excluded: moved to other areas or lost to follow-up before the end of the pregnancy, selecting voluntary termination of pregnancy, or multifetation. All the participants received regular follow-up at 12, 16, 20, 28, 30, 36 weeks during gestation. Participants underwent common pregnancy tests, including ultrasound, blood routine examination, liver and kidney function, blood pressure, and blood sugar. For the pregnant women who had been diagnosed with HIV before pregnancy, the first CD4+ T lymphocyte count (CD4 count) test was performed before 12 weeks of gestation. For pregnant women diagnosed with HIV during pregnancy, the first CD4 count test was taken at the time of confirmation for HIV infection. APOs were ascertained and confirmed by those pregnancy tests and medical history.
Open-label, rapid initiation pilot study for extended-release buprenorphine subcutaneous injection
Published in The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 2023
Howard Hassman, Stephanie Strafford, Sunita N. Shinde, Amy Heath, Brent Boyett, Robert L. Dobbins
Rapid initiation procedures are illustrated in Figure 1. Upon arriving at the clinic for the inpatient induction, participants provided a sample for a qualitative and quantitative urine drug screen (UDS) and completed an alcohol breathalyzer test. Investigators discussed positive UDS results with participants and used the TimeLine Follow Back (TLFB) assessment to record drug use since the screening visit (17). Participants reporting use of short- or long-acting opioids within 6 or 24 hours, respectively, or who had elevated blood alcohol concentration, could not check-in but could be rescheduled within 30 days of consent. All concomitant medications were reviewed for contraindicated medications; females of childbearing potential also had a urine pregnancy test. All inclusion and exclusion criteria are listed in the Supplemental data.
A randomized, open-label, single-dose, two-cycle crossover study to evaluate the bioequivalence and safety of lenvatinib and Lenvima® in Chinese healthy subjects
Published in Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 2022
Zhongnan Xu, Yanli Wang, Guangwen Liu, Jiahui Chen, Wanhua Wang, Yang Cheng, Qing Ren, Yingzi Cui, Wei Yang, Zhengzhi Liu, Xuesong Chen, Jinling Xue, Tianying Chang, Xinyao Qu, Shuang Yu, Yannan Zhou, Kaibo Xu, Zhengjie Su, Qiaohuan Deng, Yicheng Zhao, Haimiao Yang
32 subjects were enrolled in the fasting and postprandial groups. No subjects dropped out in the fasting group, and all subjects completed the trial. In the postprandial trial, No. 002 and No. 016 exited due to personal reasons, No. 011 exited due to high blood pressure after check-in, and No. 015 exited due to drug entry. To maintain the balance of the sequence, selection numbers 072, 073 and 086 were selected as alternatives. Subjects No. 116 and No. 020 were removed 3 h after the first cycle of medication due to vomiting. Finally, the full analysis set and safety analysis set included 31 cases and 30 cases in the pharmacokinetic analysis set and bioequivalence analysis set, respectively. The results of other studies showed that age, gender, weight and race had no significant influence on the drug clearance rate (Supplementary table 4) [27,31–33]. The ratio of males and females in each group was approximately 1:1. Women of child-bearing age have been included in this trial. To avoid the occurrence of pregnancy events during the study, the blood pregnancy test had been provided for female volunteers before each cycle of drug administration. We excluded the women who were testified to pregnancy. During the trial and 3 months after the last administration, all volunteers were been asked to have secure anticonceptions. The bioequivalent lenvatinib mesylate capsule guidelines suggest that a 10 mg dose be used for bioequivalence studies in healthy people [34]. Therefore, the trial dose of this trial was 10 mg.