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Placenta, Umbilical Cord, and Amniotic Membranes
Published in Asim Kurjak, CRC Handbook of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2019
A high proportion of hemangiomata (16 to 33%) is accompanied by hydramnios.68 The cause of hydramnios is obscure. A number of theories have been mentioned (compression of the umbilical veins by the tumor, transudation from vascular channels on the fetal surface of the tumor, thrombosis of the afferent vessels to the neoplasm, peripheral arterio-venous shunt in hemangioma with congestive cardiac failure, etc.), but they have not been confirmed. On the other side, a few cases with chorioangiomata associated with oligohydramnios are observed.69–70
Pregnancy and Birth
Published in Hazel E McHaffie, Peter W Fowlie, Robert Hume, Ian A Laing, David J Lloyd, Andrew J Lyon, Crucial Decisions at the Beginning of Life, 2018
Hazel E McHaffie, Peter W Fowlie, Robert Hume, Ian A Laing, David J Lloyd, Andrew J Lyon
In all of the five cases in which parents were given an antenatal diagnosis of a congenital anomaly, the abnormalities proved to be serious. Two of the mothers developed hydramnios, in one case necessitating weekly draining of amniotic fluid. However, whilst her partner was full of foreboding from the outset, one of these mothers remained convinced that it would be something minor. One other mother was given a test result indicating a raised alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, but this subsequently proved to be a false alarm.
F
Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Fetography [Latin:fetus, offspring; Greek:graphein, to write] Visualization of soft tissues of the fetus using an oil-soluble contrast medium with an affinity for the vernix caesiosa was described by Utzuki and Hashidzume in 1941. During their procedure on three cases of hydramnios with fetal death, they managed to identify the fetal sex and note other abnormalities such as polydactyly, and some details of the face. The term was used to refer to the procedure by Erbsloh in 1942. It was revived by O. Aguero and I. Zighelboim in 1970.
Predicting previable preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPPROM) before 24 weeks: maternal and fetal/neonatal risk factors for survival
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Aylin Günes, Hüseyin Kiyak, Semra Yüksel, Gökhan Bolluk, Rabia Merve Erbiyik, Ali Gedikbasi
The amniotic fluid volume had a significant influence on pregnancy outcomes and neonatal complications. Although spontaneous healing of foetal membranes occurs in 1–2% of gestations after amniocentesis and 5–30% of gestations after fetoscopy, spontaneous resealing is infrequent after spontaneous rupture of membranes (Devlieger et al. 2006; Jain and Sciscione 2011). We demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between neonatal survival and the presence of oligo- or an-hydramnios (p = .001 and p = .013, respectively). There was a strong relationship between oligohydramnios or anhydramnios and poor neonatal survival (Shenker et al. 1991; Kilbride and Thibeault 2001; Spong 2001; Muris et al. 2007; Waters and Mercer 2009; Williams et al. 2009; van Teeffelen et al. 2010; Williams et al. 2012). Specifically, we found an anhydramnios rate of 6.73% in surviving infants and 28.3% in non-surviving infants. In a study that included 71 pregnancies with severe persistent oligohydramnios and PPROM prior to 25 weeks’ gestation, 51 infants survived, 11 had pulmonary hypoplasia, and 15 had joint contractures or positional limb deformities. The short-term outcomes of the surviving infants were good (Dinsmoor et al. 2004); however, all deaths in another study occurred in pregnancies in which the largest pocket was <2 cm (Williams et al. 2009). Other studies with PPROM greater than 26 gestational weeks showed similar unfavourable outcome for neonatal morbidity and mortality for amniotic fluid index less than 5 cm (Mousavi et al. 2018).
First prenatal case of 48,XXYY syndrome detected by maternal cell-free DNA testing
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020
Jian Li, Li Zhen, Min Pan, Dong-Zhi Li
The prenatal 48,XXYY has rarely been reported. Since the origin was successive non-disjunction in the formation of the sperm (XpXpYp) fertilising a normal female oocyte (Xm), or double non-disjunction events during oogenesis (Lorda-Sanchez et al. 1992), and not related to maternal age, the prenatal diagnosis is usually fortuitous. Three cases have been diagnosed in utero due to advanced maternal age (Bibbins et al. 1982; Zhang and Li 2009) or an abnormal result in the maternal serum screening test (Nyberg et al. 1994). Only one case was diagnosed by prenatal findings of hydramnios and bilateral clubfeet. The present study reports a case of 48,XXYY identified on a second trimester ultrasound because of the presence of hydramnios and VSD. To our knowledge, this is the first case of prenatally finding a cardiologic abnormality in 48,XXYY. Indeed, the frequency of congenital heart disease in 48,XXYY is about 8%, compared to the percentage of 1% in unselected live born children (Meschede et al. 1995).
A step towards precision medicine in management of severe transient polyhydramnios: MAGED2 variant
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2019
Chloé J. Arthuis, Mathilde Nizon, Martin Kömhoff, Bodo B. Beck, Vera Riehmer, Tiphaine Bihouée, Alexandra Bruel, Nadir Benbrik, Norbert Winer, Bertrand Isidor
Recently, MAGED2 (melanoma-associated antigen D2) variants have been identified in nine families with a rare form of a severe but transient antenatal X-linked Bartter syndrome occurring only in the male foetus (OMIM#300971) (Laghmani et al. 2016). The authors demonstrated that MAGED2 regulates the expression of two major sodium transporters located in the distal tubule: sodium-potassium-2-chloride co-transporter (NKCC2), which is involved in Bartter syndrome, and sodium chloride co-transporter (NCC) which is involved in Gitelman syndrome (Quigley and Saland 2016). We report a new case with a novel MAGED2 variant and a severe hydramnios with a favourable neonatal outcome.