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Ultrasonography in Bovine Gynecology
Published in Juan Carlos Gardón, Katy Satué, Biotechnologies Applied to Animal Reproduction, 2020
Giovanni Gnemmi, Juan Carlos Gardón, Cristina Maraboli
During the diagnosis of pregnancy, one should not limit oneself to this, but it is useful and appropriate to evaluate the quality of the pregnancy itself. Embryo death (Fig. 2.3 B) is an important problem in the gynecological management of cattle breeding, from dairy, but also from meat. This is not an abstract problem or even a random one, heavily affecting corporate balance sheets (Vasconcelos et al., 1997; Fricke et al., 2005; Gnemmi et al., 2011a, b; 2013a, b, c). The criteria for evaluating the quality of pregnancy are different: Heart rateEchogenicity of amniotic and/or allantoic fluidSeparation of the corion-allantoic membraneEdema of the endometriumIntegrity of the amniotic membraneAbsence of the embryoSize of the embryo
Artesunate
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Robert J. Commons, Julie A. Simpson, James S. McCarthy, Ric N. Price
As described in Chapter 169, Artemisinins, there is evidence that artesunate induces embryo death and malformations in rats, rabbits, and monkeys (Boareto et al., 2013; Clark et al., 2008, 2004; White and Clark, 2008). However, there is no evidence of an association with miscarriages, stillbirths, or congenital malformations in humans (WHO, 2015b). Although data are limited, there is no evidence of fetal toxicity after intravenous administration of artesunate for severe malaria (Kovacs et al., 2015). Published data on the use of artemisinin derivatives in breastfeeding women are lacking.
The IVF Laboratory
Published in Steven R. Bayer, Michael M. Alper, Alan S. Penzias, The Boston IVF Handbook of Infertility, 2017
Denny Sakkas, C. Brent Barrett, Kathryn J. Go
It took until the 1960s and 1970s for many of the different clinical and laboratory aspects of IVF to be improved for more routine use [2–4]. In 1973, the first IVF pregnancy in the world was reported by a team in Melbourne, Australia, which resulted in early embryo death [5]. Subsequently, in 1977, another IVF pregnancy was reported, but it was an ectopic pregnancy [6]. Finally, in 1978, the culmination of knowledge in the technologies associated with IVF led to the first IVF birth in the world [7].
Antibody-drug conjugates: Design and development for therapy and imaging in and beyond cancer, LabEx MAbImprove industrial workshop, July 27–28, 2017, Tours, France
Published in mAbs, 2018
Camille Martin, Claire Kizlik-Masson, André Pèlegrin, Hervé Watier, Marie-Claude Viaud-Massuard, Nicolas Joubert
Dr. Jean Viallet (Inovotion, La Tronche, France) then introduced their new in vivo pre-screening in chick embryos for the evaluation of a large range of molecules, including mAbs and ADCs, in addition to treatment types with synergistic or sequential effects. They developed a new grafting technology of classical human tumor cells onto the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chick embryos. This grafting determines the efficacy of the compound through quantification of tumor weight after dissection, and the extent of metastatic invasion after real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis of the low CAM to detect nodules. In addition, some insights about future toxicity effects can be gained by rating embryo death and checking body abnormalities. Histological comparisons of several tumors confirmed the similarity between tumor growth in this technology and in mice. Finally, an ADC study gave the same results in this pre-in vivo model as in mice.20 He reminded the audience that this assay can be done in one month with low quantities of compounds, high reliability and no need for an ethical committee, while also being affordable. This makes it a perfectly sensible assay to eliminate low value molecules before going to mice.
Is there a role for phosphodiesterase inhibitors in the treatment of male subfertility?
Published in Human Fertility, 2022
Abigail Sharpe, Harish Bhandari, David Miller
There has been one report of a possible teratogenic adverse effect (abdominal wall defect) in the literature following the administration of PF; however, this was considered to have been coincidental and unrelated to treatment (Fountain et al., 1995). Potentially harmful effects have been reported when PF was applied directly to mouse embryos, leading to variations in cAMP levels, meiotic arrest, developmental retardation and embryo death (Tournaye et al., 1993). There have been no reports, however, of such adverse effects in human ART procedures, possibly because standard protocols have ensured that sperm samples are washed free of excess methylxanthines prior to fertilisation.
Retinal teratogenicity of pregabalin in chick embryo model
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2020
In total, four eggs were not fertilised (one egg each in Group I, II, IV, and V). Early embryo death was detected in a total of three eggs (one egg in Group II, one egg in Group IV, and one egg in Group V), which were subsequently confirmed to be autolytic. Therefore, these embryos were excluded and the study was continued with 42 embryos. There was no statistically significant difference between the early embryo losses in the control, vehicle control, and drug groups (p = 0.71).