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Endocrine Therapies
Published in David E. Thurston, Ilona Pysz, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, 2021
In the oncology area, MPA is recommended by NICE in the UK for the treatment of breast, endometrial and renal cell cancer, and to counteract the hot flushes caused by long-term androgen suppression in men with prostate cancer. It is also recommended for the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea, mild to moderate endometriosis, progestogenic opposition of estrogen HRT, and for contraception purposes in women. In men, MPA is also used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), for use in transgender medicine, and (in the depot injection form) to chemically castrate convicted sex offenders. It has also been used as a palliative appetite stimulant for cancer patients of both genders.
DRCOG MCQs for Circuit C Questions
Published in Una F. Coales, DRCOG: Practice MCQs and OSCEs: How to Pass First Time three Complete MCQ Practice Exams (180 MCQs) Three Complete OSCE Practice Papers (60 Questions) Detailed Answers and Tips, 2020
Endometrial hyperplasia is associated with:Unopposed oestrogen stimulation.Dysfunctional uterine bleeding.Combined oral contraceptive pill.Hyperthyroidism.Granulosa-theca cell tumours.
Pharmacologic alternatives to blood
Published in Jennifer Duguid, Lawrence Tim Goodnough, Michael J. Desmond, Transfusion Medicine in Practice, 2020
In circumstances with significant ongoing iron losses, oral administration of iron does not provide enough to correct the iron-deficient erythropoiesis, and intravenous iron therapy should be considered. Renal dialysis patients have such blood losses, and the role of intravenous iron therapy has been best defined in clinical trials achieving target hematocrit levels in this setting. Addressing iron deficiency with intravenous iron therapy allows correction of anemia along with utilization of lower EPO dosage.43 Another role for intravenous iron therapy is in the arena of bloodless medicine and bloodless surgery programs for patients who refuse blood transfusions on the basis of religious beliefs. Common clinical settings here include pregnancy44 and patients with dysfunctional uterine bleeding who are scheduled for hysterectomy.45
Multimodal, non-opioid based analgesia for women presented for laparoscopic hysterectomy
Published in Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2022
Ahmed E. Salem, Mohamed G. El-Mawy, Adel F. Al-Kholy
This study was started since June 2018 after approval of the study protocol by the Local Ethical Committee. All women attending the outpatient clinic of gynecology department presenting by dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) were eligible for evaluation by gynecologists and women assigned for hysterectomy were eligible for evaluation for enrolment in the current study. Exclusion criteria uterine pathologies that could be managed with uterus preserving surgeries, uterine pathologies that could not be managed laparoscopically, inflammatory disorders, maintenance on immunosuppressive drugs, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hepatic or renal diseases. Women wishing to preserve their fertility and those refused to sign the consent for participation in the study were also excluded. Enrolment criteria multipara women presenting by DUB secondary to intrauterine pathology who were ASA I–III and signed the written fully informed consent that approved by the Local Hospital Authorities.
Relevance of KISS1 gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome and its associated endocrine and metabolic disturbances
Published in British Journal of Biomedical Science, 2020
MH Daghestani, MH Daghestani, M Daghistani, K Ambreen, MN Almuammar, LM Al Neghery, AS Warsy
In some studies, the most evident endocrine disturbances in PCOS were reported as LH hypersecretion, increased value of LH-FSH ratio and low or normal level of FSH [31]. Some women with PCOS also experienced high level of oestradiol with dysfunctional uterine bleeding [32]. In our present study, the PCOS group revealed the features of endocrine disturbances through increased level of LH, oestradiol and LH-FSH ratio with normal level of FSH, as compared to controls. When the influence of genotypes of rs1213704663 was investigated on the levels of the endocrine and metabolic parameters, no effect was seen on the latter. However, the GG genotype showed significantly higher level of LH, oestradiol and LHFSH ratio as compared to CG and CC genotypes, while, FSH level showed no significant difference among the genotypes of rs1213704663. These results show that the variant GG rs1213704663, influences endocrine levels in PCOS.
Virilising ovarian tumour in a postmenopausal woman after bilateral oophorectomy
Published in Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa, 2020
Ankia Coetzee, Jocelynn Ann Hellig, Candice Sher-Lockitz, Annelize Barnard, Viju Thomas, Magda Conradie
A 59-year-old Caucasian woman presented with complaints of excessive hair growth, a deepening of the voice and temporal balding. She had first noted the symptoms five years previously, with an initial concern of new onset facial hair growth. The hirsutism was progressive, followed by the onset of male-pattern baldness and subsequent deepening of the voice. The voice changes prompted endocrine consultation. There was no other significant prior medical history apart from well-controlled asthma that never required oral corticosteroids. She denied use of any pharmacotherapy (topical and oral) or any over-the-counter supplements. Her weight remained unchanged over the course of the five years. Her menarche was at age 13 years with a regular menstrual cycle reported during adolescence. She conceived spontaneously and had two live children. At age 28 years, she underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) and right salpingo-oophorectomy for dysfunctional uterine bleeding, which rendered her amenorrhoeic. She experienced symptoms compatible with perimenopause at 51 years and recalls hot flushes and vaginal dryness around the time that subsided spontaneously.