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Neuroimaging in the Evaluation of Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction
Published in Jacques Corcos, Gilles Karsenty, Thomas Kessler, David Ginsberg, Essentials of the Adult Neurogenic Bladder, 2020
In patients with MS, Khavari et al. investigated brain activity in response to bladder filling and voiding using BOLD-MRI.62 Patients with MS demonstrated significant activity (p ≤ 0.05 uncorrected) in the frontal gyrus, lentiform nucleus, anterior and posterior cingulate cortex, parietal lobules, precuneus, and subcallosal gyrus associated with a strong desire to void. At the initiation of voiding, patients with MS showed significant activity (p ≤ 0.05 uncorrected) in the middle and medial frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area, left lentiform nucleus, cingulate cortex, insula, parahippocampal gyrus, subcallosal gyrus, thalamus, and cerebellum. Compared to a previously investigated group of healthy controls, patients with MS appear to demonstrate lower and more diffuse supraspinal activation.62,63
Discussions (D)
Published in Terence R. Anthoney, Neuroanatomy and the Neurologic Exam, 2017
Of the 23 recent textbooks of basic neuroanatomy consulted, only five contain mention of both the “subcallosal gyrus” and the “subcallosal area.” Some authors clearly distinguish between the two: they consider the subcallosal area to lie anterior to the subcallosal gyrus, with the dividing boundary, when specified, being the posterior parolfactory sulcus (C&S, p. 617–618; W&W, p. 988, 1550; Rom-S, p. 130). Crosby, Humphrey, and Lauer, on the other hand, seem to consider the two terms as synonymous, placing the designated structure posterior to the posterior parolfactory sulcus (1962, p. 348, 392, 700). Noback and Demarest (1981), too, place both the subcallosal gyrus and the subcallosal area posterior to that sulcus, but they do not consider them to be identical (p. 10, 484 [Fig. 16–4]). On p. 10, they state that “The subcallosal gyrus and the anterior parolfactory gyrus combined have been called the subcallosal area.”3
Positive association between cerebral grey matter metabolism and dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability in healthy and schizophrenia subjects: An 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose and 18F-fallypride positron emission tomography study
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2020
Serge A. Mitelman, Monte S. Buchsbaum, Bradley T. Christian, Brian M. Merrill, Bradley R. Buchsbaum, Jogeshwar Mukherjee, Douglas S. Lehrer
For the 218 regions of interest there were 218 co-territorial correlations (e.g. right subcallosal gyrus FDG uptake with right subcallosal gyrus 18F-fallypride BPND), the diagonal of the 218 × 218 correlation matrix. The majority of the stronger co-territorial correlations and regression slopes between FDG uptake and 18F-fallypride BPND in both healthy and schizophrenia subjects were positive (Figure 2), indicating an overall positive association between grey matter FDG uptake and D2/D3 receptor availability in both diagnostic groups. Among those correlations that reached statistical significance all 34 were positive in healthy subjects and 44 (out of 47) were positive in subjects with schizophrenia (Supplemental Table S1). Regional correlative patterns were similar in both diagnostic groups in the cortex (anterior and posterior cingulate, dorsolateral prefrontal) and basal ganglia associated nuclei, but were less extensive in subjects with schizophrenia than healthy participants in the lateral and midline nuclei of the thalamus and more extensive in the hypothalamus and cerebellum (Supplemental Table S1). Removing 3 schizophrenia subjects with more than one-week lifetime exposure to antipsychotic medications from the analyses, yielded significant correlations in the same regions, all slightly stronger than in the full sample.