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Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Froin Syndrome An inflammation of the meninges with obstruction of the spinal subarachnoid space associated with a coagulable state of the cerebrospinal fluid. Described by French physician, Georges Froin (1874–1932), in Paris in 1903.
Neurology
Published in Fazal-I-Akbar Danish, Essential Lists of Differential Diagnoses for MRCP with diagnostic hints, 2017
UMN paraplegia:1 Inflammatory lesions (abscess; TB): a ↑ cell number.2 Transverse myelitis: a ↑ CSF proteins + up to 50 lymphocytes/μL.3 Malignancy: a Malignant cells seen.4 Multiple sclerosis: a ↑ oligoclonal IgG.5 Froin’s syndrome (spinal cord blockage → blockage of CSF flow): a Yellow-coloured CSF (xanthochromia) + ↑ CSF proteins (markedly increased) + Queckenstedt’s test positive.29
Cerebrospinal, pleural and ascitic fluids
Published in Martin Andrew Crook, Clinical Biochemistry & Metabolic Medicine, 2013
The CSF total protein concentration may be increased in the following situations. In the presence of blood, due to haemoglobin and plasma proteins.In the presence of pus, due to cell protein and to exudation from inflamed surfaces.In non-purulent inflammation of cerebral tissue, when there may be a definite rise in total protein concentration despite the absence of detectable cells in the CSF. Cells may also be undetectable in some cases of bacterial meningitis, particularly in children, in immunocompromised patients, or if antibiotics have been given before lumbar puncture.If there is blockage of the spinal canal which, by impairing the flow of CSF distal to the block, allows longer for equilibrium with the circulation and so brings the composition of CSF slightly nearer to that of plasma (Froin’s syndrome). Increased pressure in the CSF may also increase protein. Such blockage may be caused by: – spinal tumours,– vertebral fractures,– spinal tuberculosis.Where there is local synthesis of immunoglobulins by plasma cells within the CSF.
Adult Spinal Primary Leptomeningeal Medulloblastoma Presenting as Pseudotumour Cerebri Syndrome
Published in Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2021
Rahmi Tümay Ala, Görsev Yener, Erdener Özer, Süleyman Men, Hande Melike Bülbül, Aylin Yaman, Meltem Söylev Bajin, Beril Dönmez Colakoglu, Gülden Akdal, Gábor Michael Halmágyi
At least four different explanations, none entirely satisfactory, have been given to explain the mechanism of intracranial hypertension with spinal tumours.3 These are: Increased CSF viscosity from the very high CSF protein level, which also occurs with with Guillain-Barré syndrome.18 Against this explanation is the fact that the CSF protein level is not raised in every case and, when it is raised, it is much lower in the CSF rostral than it is caudal to the tumour.Increased levels of CSF fibrinogen as occurs in Froin’s syndrome.9 Even CSF from rostral to the tumour will coagulate.Reduced elastic reservoir for CSF flow from isolation of spinal canal compliance caudal to the tumour.Leptomeningeal involvement by the tumour, which often occurs with malignant intra-medullary but not with benign extra-medullary tumours.