China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Diabetes insipidus
Published in Nadia Barghouthi, Jessica Perini, Endocrine Diseases in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period, 2021
Measurement of serum ADH has little utility because placental vasopressinase leads to undetectable ADH concentrations. Copeptin is a preprohormone of ADH which is secreted in similar concentrations to ADH, however is not as susceptible to the actions of vasopressinase. Therefore, measurement of copeptin may be useful to help distinguish central from gestational DI, although data is lacking.6,15
Micronutrients in Improvement of the Standard Therapy in Traumatic Brain Injury
Published in Kedar N. Prasad, Micronutrients in Health and Disease, 2019
Copeptin, a stable glycopeptide, a product of vasopressin, is secreted from the posterior pituitary gland. It is also known as an antidiuretic hormone. Higher plasma levels of copeptin appear to be associated with poor clinical outcomes of severely ill patients. A study on children showed that the plasma levels of copeptin were elevated in patients with pTBI than in healthy children81 Therefore, plasma levels of copeptin may be used as diagnostic marker for pTBI.
Fluid and electrolyte disorders
Published in Philip E. Harris, Pierre-Marc G. Bouloux, Endocrinology in Clinical Practice, 2014
Ploutarchos Tzoulis, Pierre-Marc G. Bouloux
Recent studies have shown that the measurement of plasma copeptin has diagnostic utility in the differential diagnosis of hyponatremia. Copeptin is derived from the same precursor peptide as AVP and is released in equimolar amounts together with AVP. Plasma AVP measurement is not part of the diagnostic evaluation of hyponatremia because of preanalytical and analytical problems as well as lack of reliable assays. Copeptin has been shown to be a reliable surrogate marker of AVP secretion.82
Sleep restriction during opioid abstinence affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in male and female rats
Published in Stress, 2023
Hershel Raff, Breanna L. Glaeser, Aniko Szabo, Christopher M. Olsen, Carol A. Everson
Plasma ACTH (MP Biomedicals; Orangeburg, NJ; catalog #07106101, RRID:AB_2783719) and corticosterone (MP Biomedicals; catalog #07120102; RRID:AB_2783720) were measured by direct radioimmunoassays as described and validated previously (Bruder et al., 2008). Briefly, the plasma ACTH immunoassay uses a rabbit anti-porcine ACTH antibody and human synthetic ACTH (1–39) as standards and I125- tracer. The assay has 100% crossreactivity with ACTH (1–24) which is shared with the rat ACTH sequence and <1% crossreactivity with other POMC fragments. The intraassay and interassay coefficients of variation (CVs) are 3–6%. The plasma corticosterone immunoassay uses a rabbit anti-corticosterone-BSA antibody and I125-corticosterone tracer. It has <1% crossreactivity with other known endogenous rat corticosteroids. The intra- and interassay CVs range from 4% to 10%. Plasma copeptin was measured by direct competitive ELISA as described and validated previously [(Balapattabi et al., 2019); MyBiosource MBS724037, San Diego, CA; RRID:AB_2920579]. This competitive enzyme immunoassay uses a polyclonal rat anti-copeptin antibody and a rat copeptin-HRP conjugate. It does not have significant crossreactivity with copeptin analogues tested. The sensitivity of the assay is 1.0 pg/ml and its intra-and interaassay CVs are <10%. Most importantly, the plasma copeptin assay correlates well with plasma vasopressin levels for which it is a useful clinical surrogate (Balapattabi et al., 2019).
Prognostic performance of copeptin among patients with acute decompensated heart failure
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2021
Caglar Ozmen, Onur Sinan Deveci, Omer Tepe, Cuma Yesildas, İlker Ünal, İbrahim Yıldız, Rabia Eker Akıllı, Ali Deniz, Mesut Demir, Mehmet Kanadaşı, Ayhan Usal
It is well known that neurohormonal activation has a central role in the pathophysiology of HF, and if neurohormonal activation continues, it has extremely dangerous consequences such as myocardial injury in patients with HF [4]. Biopeptides have gained importance in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with HF in recent years. One such peptide is arginine vasopressin, which is secreted from the hypothalamus in response to increased osmolality and hypovolemia [11]. AVP is a vital hormone that has many effects on human hemodynamic, haemostatic, and endocrinological processes [12]. It has been suggested that AVP increases in patients with HF and contributes to the progression of left ventricular remodelling by inducing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the activation of V1A receptors [13]. However, due to its short half-life and instability in circulation, the measurement of AVP as a biomarker in daily clinical practice is limited [14]. Copeptin, a peptide consisting of 39 amino acids, is a fragment of pre-provasopressin that is synthesised and secreted in equimolar amounts to vasopressin [15]. Unlike AVP, copeptin is stable for a long time in plasma and is easily measured. Therefore, copeptin has drawn attention as a useful surrogate biomarker for AVP in the diagnosis and prognosis of HF [16]. It has also been revealed that copeptin may be a strong prognostic indicator for patients with chronic HF and acute decompensated HF [17]. However, in the prediction of prognosis in HF, no one biomarker alone has sufficient sensitivity, and it is still unclear whether copeptin is effective in predicting prognosis in HF patients.
Serum Copeptin Levels in Threatened Preterm Labor
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2021
Ozlem Banu Tulmac, Cemile Dayangan Sayan, Zeynep Ozcan Dag, Yuksel Oguz, Gulenay Gencosmanoglu, Turhan Caglar, Ucler Kisa
Copeptin is an endogenous stress marker and a reliable indicator of AVP. In fact, copeptin is a valuable biomarker that is elevated under many stress conditions and used in the differential diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction [7, 18]. Studies have investigated copeptin levels during pregnancy [10]. The association of copeptin with pregnancy complications has been studied extensively. It was first investigated in preeclamptic patients, and were found to be high when compared with normotensive pregnant controls [19]. Following this study, many others studies regarding copeptin levels in the diagnosis and prediction of preeclampsia concluded that copeptin could be useful [11, 12, 20]. Furthermore, copeptin levels were evaluated in gestational diabetes and contradictory results were reported [13, 21, 22]. It appeared that copeptin can be useful in identifying women at risk of GDM [13]. Copeptin levels were found to be different in pregnant women with fetal growth restriction; however, copeptin was also evaluated in intrahepatic cholestasis cases and did not differ between pregnancies complicated by intrahepatic cholestasis and the healthy pregnancy control group [23, 24]. In our study, although copeptin was higher in threatened preterm Labor, it was not found clinically useful in prediction. Highly overlapping copeptin levels between groups make a threshold impossible. Quartiles of copeptin levels were not associated with likelihood of threatened preterm Labor. Preterm birth was not associated with copeptin quartiles as well.