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Marine Biopolymers
Published in Se-Kwon Kim, Marine Biochemistry, 2023
The wound dressing plays the role of controlling the bleeding and protecting the wound from infection. Further, it helps to set up the humid conditions for healing, absorb the blood and body fluid (exudate), and gas transfer. Beside the protection role, the wound dressing can release some drug for limiting pathogens and facilitating the wound healing. Nowadays, many new wound dressings with different materials and conformations are developed (Shakeel Ahmed & Ikram, 2016; Feng et al., 2021; Jayakumar et al., 2011). Every kind of wound dressing has the specific advantages and disadvantages. Among them, hydrogels from biopolymers as chitosan, collagen and alginate are possible. The chitosan hydrogel bandages have the properties of antibacterial based on the positive charge of the molecules, moisture conditions, biocompatible, and promotion of the healing process. The multiple biopolymer dressing seems to integrate the advantages of different biopolymers and become the current use.
Wound Healing, Ulcers, and Scars
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Saloni Shah, Christian Albornoz, Sherry Yang
Selection of the type of wound dressing is largely based on the characteristics of the presenting wound. Moist dressings are now standard of care over wet-to-dry or dry dressings. Moist dressings foster an ideal healing environment during the initial inflammatory phase and later re-epithelization phase. Table 17.4 provides an outline of the various types of wound dressings.
Infection prevention and control
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
The choice of wound dressing depends on many factors (see Chapter 13). The wound care required for each wound, including type of dressing, frequency of dressing change and cleansing agent, should be clearly documented in the care plan. If tape is needed, it should be hypoallergenic, in good condition and clean. If needed, sterile scissors must be used to cut dressings to the required size. Some wounds may need cleansing; Chapter 13 discusses when and how to cleanse wounds. As both James and Mrs. Lewis have heavily exudating wounds due to their infections, cleansing will be necessary. A sterile solution such as normal saline may be used to clean and irrigate the wound, if indicated.
Using wound cartoon visual education to enhance nurses’ knowledge of wound care
Published in Journal of Visual Communication in Medicine, 2023
Chair-Hua Lin, Chun-Jung Lin, Kuan-Yu Lin
In addition, applying the correct wound dressing and ensuring wound drying are important tasks in wound care (Ubbink et al., 2015). Welsh (2018) indicated that wound care is a necessary measure to promote wound healing. Correct knowledge can also enhance nurses’ beliefs and attitudes towards wound care. However, when a wound is infected, it will cause pain and discomfort. Hence, nurses should adopt appropriate wound care technologies to relieve discomfort, and the overall wound condition of a patient needs to be properly recorded (Welsh, 2018). Wound care education enhances both patients’ and nurses’ wound knowledge and confidence in one’s care management, stress, and anxiety levels (Goudy-Egger & Dunn, 2018). Moreover, proper nursing instruction and follow-up about implementation and compliance help maintain patient wound care (Wang et al., 2018). Nursing wound care practices may be optimised by improving nurses’ professional knowledge and working conditions (Timmins et al., 2018). Meanwhile, Renwick (2020) developed the Wound Resource Education Nurse (WREN) program to be used in all organizations’ staff and has developed competence and confidence in wound care management, thus facilitating timely, appropriate care, and realising cost savings (Renwick, 2020). Planning for wound care education should begin as soon as patients start wound care.
Development of theranostic wound dressings: harnessing the knowledge of biospecific interactions at the biomaterial interface to promote healing and identify biomarkers
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
Shirin Saberianpour, Gianluca Melotto, Rachel Forss, Lucy Redhead, Jacqueline Elsom, Nadia Terrazzini, Susan Sandeman, Dipak Sarker, Giselda Bucca, Andrew Hesketh, Cyril Crua, Matteo Santin
The development of biomaterials able to promote healing needs to consider the current clinical protocols. Typically, the clinicians’ approach is to minimize the disturbance of the wound bed over the course of the treatment. The preferred route is to start the treatment at the first visit by the application of a primary dressing made of a synthetic, relatively hydrophobic polymer of limited swelling properties that is interposed between the wound bed and the secondary dressing that is a material more hydrophilic and therefore with relatively higher swelling properties. While this approach enables the control of the wound environment by simultaneously keeping the wound moist and reducing the exudate volume, the interaction with the relatively more hydrophobic surface of the polymeric fibers of the primary dressing may cause the denaturation of proteins thus exacerbating the inflammatory reaction. However, as these dressings are removed after 2 or 3 days, their potential long-term negative effect is likely to be limited. Wound dressings based on natural biopolymers including methylcellulose (cellulose of varying swelling properties for the treatment of wounds with moderate or excessive exudate volumes) and alginate (mainly for bleeding wounds) are used throughout the treatment until the wound margins are closing. In this last phase, biomaterials with relatively limited swelling properties are applied. Also, the periodic change of the dressing has to minimize the disturbance of the healing tissue.
Alginate-based aerogels as wound dressings for efficient bacterial capture and enhanced antibacterial photodynamic therapy
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Ning Guo, Yu Xia, Weishen Zeng, Jia Chen, Quanxin Wu, Yaxin Shi, Guoying Li, Zhuoyi Huang, Guanhai Wang, Yun Liu
As the largest organ of human body, the skin plays essential roles in defending against bacterial pathogens and environmental assaults (McGrath & Uitto, 2008; Meglio et al., 2011; Lai-Cheong & McGrath, 2021). However, skin trauma often occurred with injuries, such as cuts, contusions, military casualties, traffic accidents, and surgeries. Unfortunately, serious skin damage could lead to excessive blood bleeding and pathogenic infection. As reported, un-controlled hemorrhage has become the main cause of trauma death worldwide (Gaston et al., 2018). On the occasion of skin damage, wound dressings are employed as pre-hospital care by covering the wound area to stop bleeding and protect the wound site from early contamination of bacterial adhesion and settlement. Although various materials are commonly applied in clinical trials (Xian et al., 2020; Dong & Guo, 2021), there is still an increasing demand for the exploitation of novel functional materials with rapid hemostasis and antibacterial ability for trauma emergency treatment and temporary protection.