China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Calcinosis Cutis
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Calcinosis cutis is a condition where calcium salt crystals accumulate within the dermis (skin). Lesions usually appear as small, firm, white or yellow lumps (papules, plaques, or nodules) on the surface of the skin that may be hard or soft. A solitary lesion may develop, although multiple lesions are more common. Lesions may become tender and ulcerate, discharging a creamy chalk-like material consisting mainly of calcium phosphate with a small amount of calcium carbonate.1 Calcinosis usually has no symptoms but can be painful in some cases. Calcinosis cutis commonly occurs in patients with systemic sclerosis and dermatomyositis. There are four subtypes of this disorder. Any underlying cause (e.g., hypercalcemia and/or hyperphosphatemia) should be corrected.
Dermatomyositis and its associated complications
Published in Biju Vasudevan, Rajesh Verma, Dermatological Emergencies, 2019
Iffat Hassan Shah, Saniya Akhtar
Calcinosis cutis is a troublesome complication of severe DM with poor response to treatment, although spontaneous improvement can occur. Diltiazem has been used successfully [69]. Surgical excision is another option. Table 42.7 summarizes the treatment strategy in specific situations seen in DM.
Management of scleroderma
Published in Aparna Palit, Arun C. Inamadar, Systemic Sclerosis, 2019
Musculoskeletal manifestations are benefited from the immunosuppressive therapy, and other additional symptomatic treatment is similar to that employed in general. Calcinosis cutis is an important cause of morbidity in SSc. Its management is essentially to prevent or treat any associated infection. Surgery can be considered in cases with significant morbidity affecting the quality of life.12
Prevalence and clinical association with calcinosis cutis in early systemic sclerosis
Published in Modern Rheumatology, 2021
Chawiporn Muktabhant, Punthip Thammaroj, Prathana Chowchuen, Chingching Foocharoen
Calcinosis cutis is the deposition of insoluble calcium in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. The prevalence of calcinosis cutis in SSc ranges from 18 to 49% [5,6]. Calcinosis cutis occurs most frequently in the hands, followed by proximal upper extremities, knees or proximal lower extremities and hip, in order [5]. The pathophysiology of calcinosis cutis remains poorly understood. Chronic inflammation and vascular hypoxia are thought to play a role in the tissue damage that serves as a nidus for dystrophic calcification [7]. The other mechanisms include recurrent trauma and abnormalities in bone matrix proteins [5]. Common and potentially debilitating complications of calcinosis cutis include pain, local inflammation, ulceration, and infection [7]. Although diagnosis of calcinosis cutis is primarily performed by physical examination, radioimaging can help detection of subclinical deposits. Plain radiography is quite sensitive in detecting calcinosis cutis and is recommended as an initial imaging evaluation of calcinosis cutis [5,7].
Osteoprotegrin interacts with biomarkers and cytokines that have roles in osteoporosis, skin fibrosis, and vasculopathy in systemic sclerosis: A potential multifaceted relationship between OPG/RANKL/TRAIL and Wnt inhibitors
Published in Modern Rheumatology, 2019
Ali Taylan, Merih Birlik, Gokce Kenar, Burak Toprak, Barıs Gundogdu, Oguz Gurler, Burak Karakas, Barıs Akıncı, Ali R. Sisman
All patients underwent a physical examination, and blood samples were taken for further analyses as part of the routine laboratory evaluation. New or recent radiographs and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans of the chest were obtained, and pulmonary function tests (PFTs), electrocardiography (ECG), and echocardiography of the heart (ECHO) were performed or recent results were obtained. Skin thickness was graded using the modified Rodnan score (mRodnan) and a cut-off value 7 was determined to compare the effects of skin involvement on the studied parameters [9]. Calcinosis cutis was assessed during the physical examination. Pulmonary fibrosis as evidenced by HRCT was considered a sign of interstitial lung disease. Patients who had suspicious clinical signs with laboratory and radiologic findings and high pulmonary artery pressure on ECHO screening were referred to right heart catheterization for detection of pulmonary hypertension.