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Cinchona officinalis (Cinchona Tree) and Corylus avellana (Common Hazel)
Published in Azamal Husen, Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees of Potential Medicinal Benefits, 2022
Sawsan A. Oran, Arwa Rasem Althaher, Mohammad S. Mubarak
C. avellana has an average life span of 80–90 years (Enescu et al., 2016) and can be propagated both vegetatively and generatively (via seeds). Shoot and root suckers and cuttings are the most common methods of vegetative propagation (Contessa et al., 2011; Enescu et al., 2016). C. avellana can sprout and spread quickly – after fires, in particular (Tinner et al., 1999). The hazelnut has been extensively used in breeding programs due to its larger nuts and thinner shells than other hazelnut species (Erdogan and Mehlenbacher, 2000). There are over 400 described cultivars of C. avellana (Enescu et al., 2016). Unfortunately, the hazelnut has a well-known disadvantage: its pollen and nuts cause significant allergic reactions in sensitive individuals (Nikolaieva et al., 2014).
Gardeners’ Perspectives and Practices in Relation to Plants in Motion
Published in Kezia Barker, Robert A. Francis, Routledge Handbook of Biosecurity and Invasive Species, 2021
Katarina Saltzman, Carina Sjöholm, Tina Westerlund
Plants have the ability to multiply in various ways, both on their own and with the help of humans. As plants spread both sexually, through seeds, and vegetatively – for example, through stolons and runners – gardeners can use different methods to propagate their plants. When it comes to cultivated varieties of horticultural plants, vegetative propagation is often considered preferable as it is the only way to create new plants that retain the genetic characteristics of the parent plant. Seeds result in new plants of the same species, but properties such as colour, shape, taste and growth patterns may vary, whereas vegetative propagation offers an opportunity to create identical new plants. Traditional propagation methods used by professional gardeners include a variety of techniques for vegetative propagation, and many of these techniques are also applied by hobby gardeners. A common method is to simply dig up and divide a larger root clump into several smaller parts, each forming a new plant. Other ways are to separate smaller pieces, called cuttings, from specific parts of the plant (for example, root, leaf or stem) and let them develop into new plants. In this way, a single plant can give rise to a large number of new plants (Westerlund, 2017, 2021 in press).
Sustainable Production of Aquatic and Wetland Plants
Published in Namrita Lall, Aquatic Plants, 2020
Propagation from seed has the benefit of genetic variation, however, desirability for the selection of superior individuals in addition to generally low financial implications are often required. Some species often require a condition to overcome dormancy, which incurs additional time and cost to determine the specific condition required to overcome dormancy. This is especially the case with non-domesticated species, such as those with recently revealed commercial potential. Therefore, vegetative propagation often offers an effective and financially viable alternative for many species, particularly in those that possess the appropriate vegetative structures such as rhizomes, stolons, and bulbs.
Effects of gamma irradiation on morphology and protein differential in M1V1 population of Vanilla planifolia Andrews
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2023
Rohayu Ma’Arup, Nur Syazwani Ali, Fisal Ahmad, Zaiton Ahmad, Mohamad Feisal Mohamed Norawi, Homaa Faezah Moinuddin
Only a few species of vanilla are known to produce vanillin for commercial production from 110 species (Alan 2017). At present, there is no report on gamma (γ) irradiation being used to develop new varieties of vanilla from vanilla cuttings. Several researches have been done on tissue culture of vanilla species to increase plant growth and development by using low dose gamma irradiation but none had been done on V. planifolia vegetative propagation. Lastly, protein quantification has also never been reported in vanilla cuttings for variety improvement detection. This study is important to determine high protein expression in the vanilla elite cultivar and the improved mutant lines. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is a more reliable tool and accurate technique to discriminate between cultivars (Salwa et al. 2006; Magda et al. 2014). It is a low-cost and relatively simple technique that has been used effectively with no deciphering genetic diversity among/between genotypes in different plant species (Rahman and Hirata 2004; Noshad et al. 2021). Plus, the utilization of SDS-PAGE analysis in winter wheat proteins also has been reported useful for differentiation, identification, and characterization of some technological important properties (Miháliková et al. 2016). It was used to determine the protein separation among the same plants with different treatments. Hence, it would produce new potential vanilla varieties from Vanilla planifolia Andrews with the expectation that it will produce high vanilla bean production which will give more options to farmers in terms of various choices and preferences. The objectives of this study were to determine morphologically differences between vanilla plants irradiated at different doses (0, 10, 30, 40, and 50 Gy) using gamma (γ) radiation and to quantify protein amount and band profiles of extracted protein from vanilla shoots regenerated between 0 Gy and treatments (10, 30, 40, and 50 Gy) of gamma radiation.
Gamma irradiation-induced variability in morpho-agronomic and oil quality traits of Mentha piperita L.
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2021
Priyanka Prasad, Vagmi Singh, Nashra Aftab, Akancha Gupta, Ram Kishor, Himanshu Kumar Kushwaha, Vivek Singh, Ram Swaroop Verma, Birendra Kumar
Creeping growth habit and low biomass/oil yield hinder the sporadic cultivation of peppermint throughout the country, India. The constraints observed as the major obstacle for conventional breeding practices in M. piperita are its low seed viability and vegetative propagation through runners resulting in a limiting scope for genetic diversity, oil yield, and oil quality.