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Meeting personal needs: elimination
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
Urinary catheterisation involves the insertion of a hollow tube into the bladder for evacuating or instilling fluids. The catheter may be inserted intermittently or left in situ (termed ‘in-dwelling’), and emptied intermittently via a catheter valve. In these instances, the bladder then retains its function as a reservoir. In many cases, an in-dwelling catheter continuously drains the bladder within a closed system into a bag, in which case only a small volume of urine will be present at the base of the bladder. This method was used as a temporary measure for Jean immediately after surgery.
Spinal Injuries
Published in Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner, Trauma Care Manual, 2021
Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner
By the end of the secondary survey, there should be a clear indication of the presence and immediate consequences of any spinal injury. The patient should also have a urinary catheter inserted to help prevent bladder distension developing after spinal injury. Urinary catheterization must be performed under strictly aseptic conditions in order to reduce the incidence of infection. A naso-gastric tube can be placed if an anterior skull base fracture has been excluded on CT imaging.
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Published in Biju Vasudevan, Rajesh Verma, Dermatological Emergencies, 2019
For generalized lesions, treatment is preferable and best accomplished in an intensive care or burn unit. Start antibiotics as soon as possible though SSSS will continue to progress for another 24–48 hours after onset until the circulating antitoxin is neutralized by antibodies or excreted by the kidneys [28]. Central venous access is preferable for blood sampling of urea, electrolytes, and blood gases every 8–12 hours. Urinary catheterization to measure urine output is helpful.
A rare report of obstructive nephropathy induced hyponatremia
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2021
Sherif Elkattawy, Tanya Shankar, Islam Younes, Ramez Alyacoub, Hardik Fichadiya, Aravinda Reddy
Many case studies found an association between hyponatremia and urinary retention in the elderly [12]. It is thought to be related to vasopressin release triggered by bladder wall distension, producing a SIADH like picture. Pain due to bladder distension also plays a role in exacerbating SIADH. Urinary catheterization relieves the obstruction and hence, to some extent, suppresses vasopressin release [6,12]. Furthermore, thiazide use contributes to hyponatremia through natriuresis, reduced free water clearance and directly causing SIADH [13]. Even though our patient was on hydrochlorothiazide, which is a common cause of hyponatremia, he reported urinary retention post the hip procedure, which favors our diagnosis of obstructive-nephropathy-induced hyponatremia. Sodium levels trend upwards towards normal range after Foley catheter placement with appropriate urine output.
The impact of educational interventions for patients living with indwelling urinary catheters: A scoping review
Published in Contemporary Nurse, 2020
Joby Alex, Yenna Salamonson, Lucie M. Ramjan, Jed Montayre, Jennifer Fitzsimons, Caleb Ferguson
Globally, urinary catheterisation is a common clinical activity in acute hospital and community settings. This review identified that information provision is inadequate and nurses should take a more proactive role in education. Studies that were included in this review were of low-moderate quality. Core components of interventions should address adequate fluid intake, bowel management, hygiene, and self-monitoring/management including adverse events and ideally should take a bundle of care approach. There is scope for high quality, robust trials of educational and self-management interventions to improve the quality of life for those living with IDCs. Future interventions should fundamentally be co-designed with patients and their informal caregivers to ensure these address their needs.
Acute urinary retention after alprazolam use: a case report
Published in Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2018
Demet Saglam Aykut, R. A. Emel Uysal
Urinary retention is a condition in which impaired emptying of the bladder results in postvoid residual urine. It is generally classified into “acute” or “chronic” urinary retention [1,2]. Chronic urinary retention develops over a long period with development of a painless, palpable bladder due to a postvoid residual volume. Acute urinary retention is defined as the loss of ability to micturate. The retention itself is often painful, the onset is acute and it requires treatment by urinary catheterization. Risk factors are increasing age and urological conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer, urethral stricture, surgery, and the use of medications. Due to the mixed mechanism of the mixture, many drugs may interact with the pathway in different modes. Although the incidence of urinary retention, in particular acute urinary retention, has been well studied in observational studies and randomized controlled trials, data on the incidence of drug-induced urinary retention are scarce [3]. Observational studies suggest that up to 10% of episodes might be attributable to the use of concomitant medication. Urinary retention has been described with the use of drugs with anticholinergic activity (e.g. antipsychotic drugs, atropine, antispasmodics and anticholinergic respiratory agents), antidepressant agents, alpha-adrenoceptor agonists, benzodiazepines, NSAIDs, opioids and anaesthetics, calcium channel antagonists, and detrusor relaxants. In this article, a case of acute urinary retention developed after the use of alprazolam was discussed.