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Advanced Optical Imaging in the Study of Acute and Chronic Response to Implanted Neural Interfaces
Published in Yu Chen, Babak Kateb, Neurophotonics and Brain Mapping, 2017
Cristin G. Welle, Daniel X. Hammer
It should be clear that many imaging methods have been demonstrated for use in neuroscience, each with advantages and disadvantages and each suited to different applications. Other emerging in vivo optical imaging techniques that have been applied to neural applications include intrinsic signal optical imaging (ISOI) (Frostig and Chen-Bee 2009), TPLSM with longer wavelengths (1300 nm) for deep tissue probing (Kobat et al. 2009), three-photon microscopy (Horton et al. 2013), and light sheet microscopy (Keller et al. 2015; Prevedel et al. 2014).
Updates on radiotherapy-immunotherapy combinations: Proceedings of 6th annual ImmunoRad conference
Published in OncoImmunology, 2023
Fabiana Gregucci, Sheila Spada, Mary Helen Barcellos-Hoff, Nina Bhardwaj, Charleen Chan Wah Hak, Alba Fiorentino, Chandan Guha, Monica L. Guzman, Kevin Harrington, Fernanda G. Herrera, Jamie Honeychurch, Theodore Hong, Lorea Iturri, Elisabeth Jaffee, Sana D. Karam, Simon R.V. Knott, Constantinos Koumenis, David Lyden, Ariel E. Marciscano, Alan Melcher, Michele Mondini, Anna Mondino, Zachary S. Morris, Sean Pitroda, Sergio A. Quezada, Laura Santambrogio, Stephen Shiao, John Stagg, Irma Telarovic, Robert Timmerman, Marie-Catherine Vozenin, Ralph Weichselbaum, James Welsh, Anna Wilkins, Chris Xu, Roberta Zappasodi, Weiping Zou, Alexandre Bobard, Sandra Demaria, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Eric Deutsch, Silvia C. Formenti
One of the key issues for the development of successful RT-IT combinations is the lack of specific biomarkers that would predict the likelihood of individual patients to respond beyond standard parameters that are normally used to inform the usage of RT or IT as individual agents91. As discussed by Eric Deutsch (Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris, France), one promising way to identify biomarkers to personalize treatment in the RT-IT setting is radiomics, a technique that allows investigators to extract quantitative information by medical imaging and to apply artificial intelligence for the discovery of predictive models of response92. Radiomics has indeed been successfully applied to develop an imaging biomarker of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in patients receiving IT93,94. Another field of recent development is the possibility to study the movement of lymphocytes in vivo within TDLNs via high-resolution three-photon microscopy. Chris Xu (Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA) presented work with three-photon microscopy visualizing CD4+ and CD8+ T cell motility in mouse lymph nodes. Specifically, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell distributions were found to be strongly related to antigen presenting with a critical role for local chemokine gradients.95 Whether these findings can be extrapolated to human lymph nodes and whether they may provide predictive information on the likelihood of individual patients to benefit from RT-IT combinations remain to be investigated.