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Apiaceae Plants Growing in the East
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Sherweit El-Ahmady, Nehal Ibrahim, Nermeen Farag, Sara Gabr
In vitro biological studies on plant extracts containing falcarinol-type polyacetylenes showed they have anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory actions. Polyacetylenes are extremely cytotoxic against several cancer cell lines and have revealed antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties (Kreutzmann et al. 2008, Baranska et al. 2013). It was suggested that the hydroxyl group (–OH) at C3 may account for these activities and that synergistic interaction between bioactive polyacetylenes may be important for their bioactivity (Purup et al. 2009). It was found that C17-polyacetylenes inhibit the breast cancer resistance protein BCRP/ABCG2 when used as a multidrug resistance reversal agent (Tan et al. 2014). Falcarinol and falcarindiol may be used as antidiabetic agents in the treatment of diabetes due to their ability to arouse basal or insulin-dependent glucose absorption in adipocytes and porcine myotube cell cultures based on different doses (El-Houri et al. 2015). Additionally, polyacetylenes of purple carrots are involved in anti-inflammatory bioactivity in humans with falcarinol being the most bioactive polyacetylene (Metzger et al. 2008).
Catalog of Herbs
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2018
Leaves contain arctiol, dehydrofukinone, eremophilene, beta-eudesmol, fukinone, fuki-nanolide, and taraxasterol. Roots contain polyphenolic acids (caffeic, chlorogenic), gamma-guanidino-n-isovaleric, and propionic) arctic acid, and polyacetylenes (1,11-tridecadiene-3,5,7,9-tetrayne, 1,3,1 l-tridecatriene-5,7,9-triyne). Seeds contain 15 to 30% fixed oil, the glucoside arctiin, chlorogenic acid, two lignans (lappaol A, lappaol B), and a germacranolide. Raw roots are reported to contain per 100 g: 89 calories, 76.5% moisture, 2.5 g protein, 0.1 g fat, 20.1 g carbohydrate, 1.7 g fiber, 0.8 g ash, 50 mg calcium, 58 mg phosphorus, 1.2 mg iron, 30 mg sodium, 180 mg potassium, 0 μg beta-carotene equivalent, 0.25 mg thiamine, 0.08 mg riboflavin, 0.3 mg niacin and 2 mg ascorbic acid.21 Plant contains inuline, and a bitter compound, lappatin; leaves and roots contain an essential oil; seeds contain a glucoside, arctin plus tannic acid. An alkaloid, arctiin, is reported as well as gum, mucilage, resin, and tannin. The root may contain up to 45% inulin, 0.07 to 0.18% essential oil, palmitic- and stearic-acids, phytosterol, 0.4 to 0.8% fat, sugar, resin, tannin, mucilage, stigmasterol, sitosterol, and caffeic acid. Of 14 polyacetylene compounds, 3 were bactericidal and fungicidal.
The Chemistry and Biological Activity of the Genus Bupleurum in Spain
Published in Sheng-Li Pan, Bupleurum Species, 2006
Alejandro F. Barrero, M. Mar Herrador, Pilar Arteaga, José F. Quílez
In all, 11 polyacetylenes have been identified in different species of Bupleurum. Polyacetylene 1 was isolated from B. salicifolium (Estévez-Braun et al., 1994b), 2 through 4 from B. gibraltaricum (Bohlmann et al., 1975), and 5 through 11 from B. acutifolium (Barrero et al., 1999). Of them, 5 through 8 were described for the first time and 6 through 8 are the first polyacetylenes possessing a skeleton of 18 carbon atoms isolated from the Bupleurum genus.
Capillin protects against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and oxidative stress
Published in Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2021
Bin Li, Rui Wang, Lei Wang, Gucheng Zhang, Yang Zhang
Capillin (chemical formula: C12H8O) is a polyacetylene compound isolated from Artemisia Capillaris Thunb. As a class of bioactive secondary metabolites, polyacetylene is considered undesirable in plant foods owing to its toxic properties, covering robust skin sensitization, irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, and neurotoxicity when the body is exposed to high concentrations of it [8]. Although polyacetylene has a toxic effect when it reaches a relatively high concentration, many researchers have investigated the benefits of polyacetylene. For instance, polyacetylene reportedly possesses a wide range of biological activities, including immunosuppression [9], anti-tumor [10], anti-inflammatory damage [11], anti-platelet aggregation [12], and other functions. Moreover, the aromatic polyacetylene capillin has been discovered with anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic impact on human tumor cell lines [10]. Notwithstanding, few studies have reported its potential applications in liver injury, especially in NASH. Therefore, this study attempts to probe into this problem further and disclose its underlying mechanism.
Induced polygenic variations through
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2019
Raj Kishori Lal, Chandan Singh Chanotiya, Ved Ram Singh, Sunita Singh Dhawan, Pankhuri Gupta, Shama Shukla, Anand Mishra
The chemistry of essential oil of this elite Mutant SELM-1 was also done. NMR signal of major compound (2Z,8Z)-matricaria methyl ester was recorded as per the report (Saroj et al. 2015). The identified constituents are listed in Tables 5 and 6. The most striking feature of the flower essential oil is that it contained a high proportion of polyacetylenes with (2Z,8Z)-matricaria acid methyl ester being the most dominant compound (78.7%). Interestingly, (2Z,8Z)-matricaria acid methyl ester (75.23%) rich composition from, Matricaria perforata Merat. Another species of chamomile had previously been reported from Germany (Bär and Schultze 1996). Till date, there has been no report on matricaria ester rich essential oil of Matricaria spp. from India. Other polyacetylene derivatives have also been identified. Interestingly, (2Z,8Z)-matricaria acid methyl ester was found in the higher amount on 1st collection of the first week (80.6%) while the 2nd week of collection contains 76.7%. Moreover, the 2nd-week collection upon distillation continued on day-two led to the oil recovery (Figure 3(A,D)).
Devil’s Club Falcarinol-Type Polyacetylenes Inhibit Pancreatic Cancer Cell Proliferation
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2019
Susan S. C. Cheung, David Hasman, Djamel Khelifi, Joseph Tai, Richard W. Smith, Garth L. Warnock
In conclusion, our data indicate that FC-type polyacetylenes, natural, and synthetic, are potent growth inhibitors on human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. In view of the various anticancer potentials of FC-type polyacetylenes reported in recent literature, it is critical to maintain consistent product quality for preclinical studies that require substantial quantities of purified compounds. Preparing FC-type polyacetylenes by chemical synthesis may be more efficient than isolating natural polyacetylenes from raw plant material, which usually involves labor intensive raw material gathering, extraction, and purification processes that can result in batch to batch variability. Synthesizing of compounds facilitates the ability to probe the mechanism of antiproliferation and other biological properties as well as eliminate the onerous task of isolation of these compounds from the plant and may yield more potent drug candidates.