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Hospital Systems
Published in Salvatore Volpe, Health Informatics, 2022
A landmark event in U.S. health IT history was the 2004 creation of the Office of the National Coordinator of Health Information Technology (ONC). This creation marked the beginning of a concerted effort by the federal government to encourage hospitals to adopt EHR technology. Since the functionality of EHRs widely varied, the standards development organization called Health Level Seven (HL7) was tasked with creating a standard functional model of an EHR system. The EHR system functional model could be used to establish criteria for the certification of EHR functionality. The ONC commissioned a private, not-for-profit organization called the Certification Commission for Healthcare Information Technology (CCHIT) to create a voluntary EHR certification program. However, not many EHRs became certified due to the complicated requirements for EHRs set by CCHIT, the lack of perceived value for the vendor, its voluntary nature, and its lack of incentives. In addition, even if an EHR were certified, a hospital was free to choose which features of the EHR to implement in clinician workflow. As a result, many of the benefits of the EHR were not realized when implemented at provider sites.
Introduction
Published in Arvind Kumar Bansal, Javed Iqbal Khan, S. Kaisar Alam, Introduction to Computational Health Informatics, 2019
Arvind Kumar Bansal, Javed Iqbal Khan, S. Kaisar Alam
HL7 (Health Level 7) is a clinical markup standard that specifies the structure and semantics of the clinical documents to be transferred over the Internet. Information from a database is embedded in the HL7 format using interface software at the source-end, and is converted back at the destination-end using a software. HL7 is built on top of the SOAP protocol. Providing a common interface and transmission standard provides interoperability between heterogeneous databases/knowledge bases implemented by different vendors across different medical organizations. This interoperability provides ease of information transfer cutting down the cost by avoiding the duplication. The overall transmission layer is shown in Figure 1.6.
Cancer registry and big data exchange
Published in Jun Deng, Lei Xing, Big Data in Radiation Oncology, 2019
Zhenwei Shi, Leonard Wee, Andre Dekker
HL7 (Dolin et al. 2001, 2006) refers to a widely accepted standard-setting organization that provides standards to define the protocol, language, and data type used for information communication among different systems. The most used version of HL7 is version 2 with which only a limited and not semantically rich data can be exchanged. HL7 version 3 had a much wider scope but is generally considered a failed standard due to its complexity and limited uptake. HL7 FHIR is the most recent standard and is receiving a lot of positive attention from the community and has resulted in real-world implementations by medical vendors.
A simple two-step procedure using the Fellegi–Sunter model for frequency-based record linkage
Published in Journal of Applied Statistics, 2022
Huiping Xu, Xiaochun Li, Shaun Grannis
In this section, we will apply the proposed frequency-based matching method to the NBS data deduplication example. Matching weights are adjusted based on the last name frequency. We do not consider adjusting weights based on the first name frequency because of the large amount of missing data for newborns and the relatively high level of typographical errors in the data. Specifically, 41% of the HL7 messages extracted contain missing values in first name. In addition, large amount of missing data are seen for middle initial (54%) and telephone number (32%). In record linkage applications, missing data happen quite often due to the incompleteness of the data. In literature, missing values are often treated as disagreement [9,12]. However, this is not a reasonable assumption because it is possible for missing values to be agreement. Following [5,10,11], we consider the missing data as missing at random (MAR) and, therefore, utilize the full-information maximum likelihood method for the FS model estimation.
Innovation and immunization program management: traceability and quality in Latin America and the Caribbean, laying the groundwork for a regional action plan
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2022
Pablo Tregnaghi, Sebastián Ospina-Henao, Cédin Maldonado Oliva, Clara Lucía Bocanegra, Christian Toledo, Cristina Aldaz, Graciela Pérez, José Luis Díaz Ortega, Juan Manuel Castelli, Lourdes Aguilar, Luis Oliva, Mabel Jiménez Quinteros, Max Enriquez Navas, Roberto Arroba
The SLIPE’s Computerized Medicine Committee has been working on the Vaxeen system, a digital and intelligent assistant in immunization. It allows for management and making inferences during the whole process of traceability of the immunization program(s); this system has gone through several development platforms. At first, it was a Registry platform; at a second moment, it incorporated artificial intelligence and became a management platform, and finally, with the incorporation of BlockChain accompanied by the Internet of Things (IoT), it became a traceability platform. Among the system’s advantages is that it has not only a web version but also a mobile application; it is multi-language, interoperable (with a Health Level Seven International (HL7) and Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) information layer) with the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine – Clinical Terms (Snomed-CT), in addition, it encrypts sensitive data making it a secure platform and has double validation systems to ensure data quality.
Immunization documentation practices and vaccine-preventable disease surveillance capacity among institutions of higher education in Indiana
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2018
Taryn Stevens, Mugdha Golwalkar
A majority of institutions (23, 70%) reported that student immunization records are entered into an accessible electronic system, such as an electronic health record (EHR) or a campus-wide database. Of these, none reported transmitting this information via Health Level 7 (HL7) messaging, the international standard for electronic transfer of clinical data, to the CHIRP system. None of the 32 schools for which pre-matriculation vaccine record forms were found on IHE websites required documentation of manufacturer or vaccine lot number. Of these forms, 22 (69%) required matriculating students to provide either a physician-signed form indicating receipt of required immunizations or a copy of the vaccine record that included dose and date.