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Bio-Ceramics for Tissue Engineering
Published in Naznin Sultana, Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh, Chin Fhong Soon, Tissue Engineering Strategies for Organ Regeneration, 2020
Hasan Zuhudi Abdullah, Te Chuan Lee, Maizlinda Izwana Idris, Mohamad Ali Selimin
The three types of bio-ceramics that are relevant to improve bioactivity with hard tissue (bone) will be discussed in this chapter. Metal oxide ceramics – Titanium dioxide (TiO2)Glass ceramics – Bioactive glassCeramics – Hydroxyapatite
The Staheli shelf procedure
Published in K. Mohan Iyer, Hip Preservation Techniques, 2019
Yoshii et al.20 did acetabular augmentation with a glass ceramic block fixed to the acetabular edge with screws. They noted that the advantages of their surgical procedure were: (1) correct and solid fixation of the implant, (2) a shorter surgical procedure, (3) less blood loss since an autogenous graft is not used, (4) customized sizing of glass-ceramic block for coverage, (5) improved stability of the joint, (6) rapid clinical recovery with no need for cast or a brace, and (7) major improvement in pain and Harris hip scores. However, their series had only three patients with a 4-year follow-up.
Regeneration: Nanomaterials for Tissue Regeneration
Published in Harry F. Tibbals, Medical Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, 2017
Another class of important biomaterials for regenerative medicine is the bioreactive ceramics and glasses. In addition to bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics, these include dense hydroxylapatite ceramics and similar materials. These can be formed on the surfaces of strong metal implants to improve their biocompatibility, tissue adhesion, and durability using techniques like electrochemical deposition. They are especially useful in bone restoration and bone and joint implants to bond the implant more naturally to the adjoining tissue and significantly prolong its lifetime. Nanotechnology is guiding the design of nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical properties to reduce fatigue failures due to crack initiation and propagation in implants that undergo physiological loading [3,4].
Effect of cementation techniques on fracture load of monolithic zirconia crowns
Published in Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 2021
Janne Angen Indergård, Anneli Skjold, Christian Schriwer, Marit Øilo
Leucite-reinforced glass ceramics and feldspathic porcelain crowns achieve significantly higher fracture load when attached with a resin-based cement, compared to conventional cement [23,24]. Silica-based ceramics can achieve a reliable bond to resin by etching with hydrofluoric acid to increase the surface area of the material to allow for greater micromechanical interlocking, and in addition, applying silane to chemically bond the ceramic and resin monomers [25]. These pre-treatments are less efficient on zirconia [26,27], and the material does not bond to resin-based cement as strongly as a silica-based ceramic. Zirconia has however been shown to have significant chemical interactions with phosphate groups that can be found in some resin-based cement [14]. The ability for resin-based cements to bond to zirconia may therefore be of greater importance to the fracture load and strength of zirconia crowns and would explain why the groups cemented with a resin-based cement could withstand the highest loads before fracture.
Effect of ceramic material type on the fracture load of inlay-retained and full-coverage fixed dental prostheses
Published in Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 2020
Hamid Kermanshah, Fariba Motevasselian, Saeedeh Alavi Kakhaki, Mutlu Özcan
Lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic is another high strength material with impressive esthetic quality [5]. However, its limited mechanical properties may not be promising for posterior FPDs [17]. New microstructure in glass-ceramics has been recently developed with the optimized behavior in mechanical properties and optical features [5]. This novel microstructure is lithium silicate glass-ceramic reinforced with zirconium dioxide crystals [5]. The zirconia reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic revealed higher mechanical properties including flexural strength (444 ± 39 MPa), elasticity modulus (70.4 ± 2 MPa) and fracture toughness 2.3 ± 2 MPa m0.5 compared with lithium disilicate which presented lower values for the same properties 348 ± 29 MPa, 60.6 ± 1.6 MPa and 2 MPa m0.5, respectively [18]. This ceramic can be etched with HF and cemented with adhesive luting materials [19].
Investigation of two-body wear behavior of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic for biomedical applications; in vitro chewing simulation
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2021
In recent years, various CAD/CAM ceramic materials have been developed in accordance with the esthetic demands of clinical studies (Elsaka and Elnaghy 2016). The development of ceramic materials in this area aims to have better mechanical, chemical stability and esthetic properties of the material as long as in the oral environment (Marocho et al. 2010). The use of zirconia as a core in ceramic materials increased the mechanical properties of the all-ceramic restorations (Kelly and Benetti 2011). IPS e.max glass-ceramic material is one of the monolithic ceramic systems that gives popularity to anterior and posterior single crowns and partial coverage restorations due to their mechanical and esthetic properties (Kelly and Benetti 2011; Niu et al. 2013; Elsaka and Elnaghy 2016). IPS e.max type glass-ceramic materials can be heat-compressed or obtained with a CAD/CAM production process (Elsaka and Elnaghy 2016). IPS e.max ceramic material is first introduced in the literature as a substrate or core material characterized by better translucency than high strength ceramic materials (Ritter 2010). Anatomically contoured monolithic restorations can be made due to the different tones of enhanced translucency and lithium disilicate (Fasbinder et al. 2010). This feature gives the type glass-ceramic IPS e.max materials an esthetic advantage. The process can be summarized as follows; machinable lithium disilicate ceramic blocks show a bluish color and consist of a metasilicate phase. Finally, the metasilicate phase is transferred to the lithium disilicate ceramic structure obtained by crystallization firing at 840 °C for 25 minutes (Elsaka and Elnaghy 2016).