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Role of technology in athlete assessment
Published in Nima Dehghansai, Ross A. Pinder, Joe Baker, Talent Development in Paralympic Sport: Researcher and practitioner perspectives, 2023
Sonja de Groot, Barry Mason, Riemer Vegter, David Haydon
Research under laboratory and field conditions is complementary; the strength of one approach is the weakness of the other (Thompson & Vanlandewijck, 2020). For example, during field-based testing, the athlete can be tested in conditions closer to their performance environment, which results in a higher external validity, yet the changing environmental conditions make standardisation difficult. Control and reliability are both key advantages of laboratory-based testing. With new technologies, Para sport athletes can be tested in a standardized and sport-specific way in this environment. Graded exercise testing on a treadmill (running, wheelchair propulsion), bike ergometer (cycling) or armcrank ergometer (Handcycling) (Figure 11.2, left picture) are now more common ways of testing in Para sport populations. However, Paralympic athletes in sports where propulsion is achieved by using their arms were quite often tested on an armcrank ergometer while a more sport-specific way of testing would be more favorable. For example, Para Ice Hockey players can be tested while sitting in an ice sledge hockey seat during upper-body poling on a Concept2 ski ergometer (Baumgart et al., 2018).
Rowing and Sculling Mechanics
Published in Christopher L. Vaughan, Biomechanics of Sport, 2020
Antonio Dal Monte, Andrzej Komor
As was stressed before, model validation should be an essential part of any model experiment. The extended experimental measurements for different athletes during “rowing” on the ergometer were made in order to validate the model and to obtain necessary data for the simulation procedure (anthropometric, dynamometric, and dynamographic). As an example of the comparison of simulated and experimental results, the shapes of force Fh (simulated and real) are shown in Figure 55. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the main kinematic and dynamic parameters from model simulation and real motion, it was proved that the model was very similar to real motion.
The respiratory system and exercise
Published in John W. Dickinson, James H. Hull, Complete Guide to Respiratory Care in Athletes, 2020
The predominant ergometers of choice are the treadmill (Figure 1.5) or cycle ergometer, however, in the field of sports science exercise specific stressors are likely more relevant, e.g. rowing ergometer or even assessing the response in a pool specifically designed to assess the exercise response in swimmers (see later chapters). Any system must be able to deliver a range of set workloads to the subject performing the exercise test.
Graded peak cycle ergometer test for cognitively impaired patients with Parkinson’s disease: a pilot study
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
André Hürlimann, Manuela Pastore-Wapp, Judith van Beek, Mark A. Hirsch, Erwin E.H. van Wegen, Tim Vanbellingen
To date, it is unknown if cognitive impairment (i.e. MCI or dementia) in patients with PD would limit patients’ ability to fully participate in a standard graded peak exercise test. Furthermore, it is unknown if measured HRmax is in accordance with predicted HRmax in this PD population. The aim of this pilot study was therefore to advance knowledge by investigating whether cognitively impaired patients with PD are able to reach the age-predicted HRmax, and the expected working load, demonstrating feasibility of a graded peak cycle ergometer exercise test. The level of correspondence between age-predicted HRmax, as defined by a simple equation, and measured HRmax was determined. In contrast to previous peak graded exercise studies, which used a treadmill for testing in PD (Bryant, Jackson, Hou, and Protas, 2016; DiFrancisco-Donoghue et al., 2009; Katzel et al., 2011; Werner, DiFrancisco-Donoghue, and Lamberg, 2006), we opted for a cycle ergometer. Two previous studies already performed submaximal cycle tests, with a constant workload, in PD without cognitive deficits, showing good feasibility (Roberson et al., 2019; Speelman et al., 2012). Therefore, we expected the choice of a cycle ergometer for our graded peak test protocol to be safe also for patients with PD in more advanced stages of the disease that may experience balance instability.
Functional electrical stimulation cycling in patients with chronic spinal cord injury: a pilot study
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2022
Eda Gurcay, Ozgur Zeliha Karaahmet, Damla Cankurtaran, Fatma Nazlı, Ebru Umay, Şükran Güzel, Ahmet Gurhan Gurcay
The participants were seated on a chair in front of the cycle-ergometer during treatment. A current-controlled four-channel stimulator (RehaStim; Hasomed GmbH, Magdeburg, Germany) was used, and surface electrodes were applied in a bipolar configuration on both sides of the quadriceps (at the midpoint between the anterior superior iliac spine and the patella) and hamstring muscles (at the midpoint between the iliac tuberosity and popliteal fossa), with an algorithm inducing bilateral reciprocal leg cycling. The range of pedalling cadence was set to 30–50 revolutions per minute (rpm). To apply the correct stimulation parameters, the stimulation intensity was adjusted according to a palpable muscle contraction and a sensitive irritation expressed by the patients. Rectangular biphasic pulses with a pulse width of 250-300 μs, stimulus intensity up to a maximum of 140 mA, and a frequency ranged from 30 to 45 Hz were adopted. Patients received instructions from the same physiatrist and were warned not to participate voluntarily to the leg pedalling but to keep concentrating on the exercise. The heart rate of the patients was monitored on the cycle-ergometer screen while cycling.
Exercise-induced bronchospasm and its associated factors among secondary school students in an urban community
Published in Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 2020
A. O. Odeyemi, A. O. Odeyemi, O. V. Kayode, S. B. A. Oseni, O. A. Oyedeji
The objective diagnosis of EIB is made when there is a decrease in FEV1 of ≥10% from baseline after exercise, with or without symptoms [2,3]. Exercise challenge test used to detect EIB include running on treadmill, bicycle ergometer or a free range nonstop running exercise. The treadmill or bicycle ergometer are standardized and can easily be controlled, however these equipment are relatively expensive [4]. The free range running method is inexpensive and sophisticated equipment is not required for performing it. The free range nonstop exercise has been used in the community settings to evaluate students [5,6]. It has an advantage that it mimics the normal physical activity the individual undertakes on daily basis and it has increased tendencies to precipitate bronchospasm [1,3].