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Advances in Nanonutraceuticals: Indian Scenario
Published in Harishkumar Madhyastha, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Nanopharmaceuticals in Regenerative Medicine, 2022
Amthul Azeez, Mubeen Sultana, Lucky, Noorjahan
Encapsulation is a process, wherein a material is coated with a biocompound. In this context, proteins are frequently used for encapsulation. It is interesting to note that proteins that are used for encapsulation possess certain special characteristics which aid them to develop into gels, protein and also colloids. Recent research suggests protein encapsulated lipid molecules have an enhanced bioavailability when they are consumed orally and hence may prove to be effective.
Starch-Based Nanocarriers of Nutraceuticals: Synthesis and Applications
Published in Raj K. Keservani, Anil K. Sharma, Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements, 2020
Alberto A. Escobar-Puentes, Adriana García-Gurrola, Fernando Martínez-Bustos
Encapsulation is the technology of encasing substances in solid, liquid, or gaseous states in matrices, namely, capsules. The concept emanates from the cell model in which the genetic information is protected in the nucleus in which a semipermeable membrane controls the transportation of several agents (Jafari, 2017). The ingredient inside the capsule is defined as the internal phase, while the wall is variously called the shell, coating, wall material, membrane shell, carrier material, or encapsulating agent. Based on this, the ingredient compounds can be adsorbed onto the surface or the interior of the nanovehicle by covalent or noncovalent binding (Khorasani et al., 2018). Several types of carriers that can be employed in the nutraceutical sector, including polymeric micelles, nanoliposomes, nanospheres, nanoemulsions, and biodegradable nanoparticles such as starch nanoparticles, are the focus of this chapter.
Encapsulation and Other Programmed/Sustained-Release Techniques for Essential Oils and Volatile Terpenes
Published in K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer, Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
The most usual polymers used for encapsulation are: Oligosaccharides from α-amylaseAcacia gumGum arabicAlginateChitosan
A quality by design approach for the synthesis of palmitoyl-L-carnitine-loaded nanoemulsions as drug delivery systems
Published in Drug Delivery, 2023
E. M. Arroyo-Urea, María Muñoz-Hernando, Marta Leo-Barriga, Fernando Herranz, Ana González-Paredes
Among the different lipid-based nanoplatforms, nanoemulsions (NE), constituted by oil, water, and surfactants and with droplet sizes ranging from 10 to 1000 nm, are gaining attention for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs (Sánchez-López et al., 2019; Guzmán et al., 2021). Considerable research is nowadays ongoing to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs in order to improve their bioavailability, safety, and efficacy (Yang et al., 2019; Louage et al., 2017; Klein et al., 2020). Nevertheless, developing a versatile and controllable drug encapsulation system with high drug loading still remains a challenge. For the various nanoparticulated systems reported, drug loading is usually below 10 % or even 1% (Liu et al., 2020). Due to their recognized ability for facilitating the encapsulation of the hydrophobic molecules through the lipid matrix, NE have been used to wrap essential oils and nutrients, and a large number of studies have reported using them to package different types of drugs, such as paclitaxel (Shakhwar et al., 2020), curcumin (Prasad et al., 2020), and retinoic acid (Tinoco et al., 2018), among others.
Core-shell micro/nanocapsules: from encapsulation to applications
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2023
Eslam Elkalla, Sumera Khizar, Mohamad Tarhini, Noureddine Lebaz, Nadia Zine, Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault, Abdelhamid Errachid, Abdelhamid Elaissari
Encapsulation is both a science and an art that demands experience, capability, and the authority of a wide range of technologies. This review has reported various encapsulation techniques to fabricate micro/nanocapsules along with their diverse applications. Nanocapsules containing polymers contributing to systems used for delivery of drugs could increase payloads bioavailability besides attaining persistent with precise delivery to target sites. Microencapsulation enclosing oils, food, and flavours improves encapsulation efficiency and extends products average life with the purpose of yielding good-quality food stuffs. In the field of cosmetics, microencapsulation has been developed for making items like antiperspirants, shampoos, and sprays, to improve their stability or bioavailability. Microencapsulation methods bring opportunity to fabricate unique products possessing several benefits when compared with customary fabrics. Encapsulation into microcapsules ensures the protection, controlled release of active agents with higher efficiency, and eco-friendly sustainable plant growth.
Nanodelivery of essential oils as efficient tools against antimicrobial resistance: a review of the type and physical-chemical properties of the delivery systems and applications
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Victoria Dupuis, Constantin Cerbu, Lucjan Witkowski, Adrian-Valentin Potarniche, Maria Cristina Timar, Monika Żychska, Cristina M. Sabliov
The principle of nanoencapsulation/nanoentrapment is fundamental to overcome the limits imposed by the use of free essential oils in therapy. Encapsulation is a process that consists of loading materials within the empty core surrounded by a wall material of a capsule, which allows the protection and controlled release of bioactive compounds (Ezhilarasi et al., 2013). Alternatively, nanoentrapment refers to the loading of a bioactive compound by embedding it into the nanoparticle matrix. Both types of nanodelivery systems can mask the EOs’ unpleasant odor, control their release, increase their solubility and stability, or have an intrinsic antimicrobial effect (Bazana et al., 2019). Nanodelivery not only allows to protect the bioactive compounds of essential oils from the degradation that could occur by direct contact with different environmental factors (light, heat, pH, humidity, oxygen) (Hosseini & Meimandipour, 2018), but it also helps increase their effectiveness (Luis et al., 2020). It has been shown that loading essential oils into nanoparticles can increase their affinity for targets, improve their penetration, and speed up their accumulation process in different cell types (Ghodrati et al., 2019). This allows the active substances to act at the site of interest, increases their ability to remain in the bloodstream for long periods, and protects the active substance from enzymatic hydrolysis (Souza et al., 2017).