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Lasers in Medicine: Healing with Light
Published in Suzanne Amador Kane, Boris A. Gelman, Introduction to Physics in Modern Medicine, 2020
Suzanne Amador Kane, Boris A. Gelman
The active medium need not be a gas. Examples of lasers with solid active media are diode lasers, used in various medical applications, compact disc players, and supermarket scanner devices. Glasses such as neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet (abbreviated Nd:YAG and pronounced “neodymium yag”), erbium:YAG, and holmium:YAG are used to make especially versatile, high-power lasers. The Nd:YAG laser can be operated at one of three wavelengths: the infrared (1064 nm), and – with a special optical element called a frequency-doubling crystal – green (532 nm), and ultraviolet (355 nm) wavelengths.
Endolaser
Published in A Peyman MD Gholam, A Meffert MD Stephen, D Conway MD FACS Mandi, Chiasson Trisha, Vitreoretinal Surgical Techniques, 2019
The advantages of the argon laser over the xenon light are its smaller angle of divergence, which facilitates a more comfortable and safe working distance, a finer spot size, and a reproducible endpoint. In addition, the argon endolaser probe tip withstands rapid laser applications and may be fired through air or gas. The diode laser is also commonly in use in vitreoretinal surgery. These solid-state lasers do not require cooling elements, are more compact, and come in red and green wavelengths.
Topical Products Applied to the Nail
Published in Heather A.E. Benson, Michael S. Roberts, Vânia Rodrigues Leite-Silva, Kenneth A. Walters, Cosmetic Formulation, 2019
Apoorva Panda, Avadhesh Kushwaha, H.N. Shivakumar, S. Narasimha Murthy
Diode laser systems employed for the treatment of fungal infections use semiconductors as the optical gain medium (Kushwaha et al., 2015). The Noveon laser that works on dual wavelength is an example of a diode laser system. Currently, the Noveon laser system is going through a phase II clinical trial in patients. In the study, 26 patients were subjected to dual wavelength treatment at 930 nm for 2 minutes and 4 minutes. The treatment with the system for 180 days indicated that nearly 85% of the patients were clear of the infection (Gupta and Simpson, 2012).
Low-intensity diode laser combined with nasal glucocorticoids in the treatment of recurrent epistaxis in children: a randomized controlled trail
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Shuyue Wang, Haiyao Zheng, Tao Liao
The diode laser has tissue penetrability, and the wave lights of the diode laser, which can penetrate the nasal mucosa, are absorbed by hemoglobin [13]. The blood capillaries in Kiesselbach plexus will be coagulated and blocked to stop bleeding. Traditional diode laser therapy with a power ranging from 2 W to 12 W usually induces obvious thermal effects, tissue vaporization, and even complicated dissection [14]. Hence high-intensity laser treatment can damage the nasal mucosa, injure the function of cylindrical cells and lead to perforation of the nasal septum in some cases [15]. Although routine-power laser is effective in hemostasis, it will cause obvious pain, which is generally unbearable for children [16]. Besides, visual operation under nasal endoscopy and general anesthesia was needed for traditional laser therapy, which will prolong the time and increase the cost of hospitalization [6]. However, most pediatric epistaxis is not severe, thus patients tend to be treated in the clinic [4]. As a non-invasive, painless, safe, and effective intranasal non-contact irradiating treatment, low-intensity diode laser therapy has been gradually applied in clinics in China since the 1990s. It has been used in Otolaryngology in recent decades [17,18]. The low-intensity diode laser with a power ranging from 10mW to 200 mW can produce non-thermal and non-destructive biological effects [19], which has advantages including non-invasive and painless therapeutic process, shorter time to treat, more sustainable effects [20], a more straightforward operating procedure in the treatment of pediatric epistaxis in ENT room.
Transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in the treatment of glaucoma: patient selection and perspectives
Published in Expert Review of Ophthalmology, 2021
Rebecca Liebenthal, Joel S. Schuman
The method of using the diode laser is similar to that of using the Nd:YAG laser in which the laser is applied over 360° while avoiding the 3 and 9 o’clock regions. The diode laser can also be applied using a contact probe or a slit-lamp in a noncontact method. In the noncontact diode laser transscleral CPC (NCDC), the laser is set at 1200–1500 mW, with a spot size of 100–400 μM over 1 s duration. It is recommended that 30–40 spots are applied 1 mm behind the limbus. The non-contact technique is seldom used. Contact diode laser transscleral CPC (CDC) utilizes a specialized G-probe (IRIS Medical Instruments, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA) that centers the fiber optic 1.2 mm behind the limbus. The laser is typically set to 1500–3000 mW at a 1.3–3.5 s duration; however, there is variability in the reported settings. The laser power should be increased in increments of 250 mW until am audible ‘pop’ is heard, and then reduced by 250 mW. This new power should be continued for the rest of the procedure, unless additional ‘pops’ are heard, in which case power should be reduced further. Both contact and noncontact methods have been found to be successful in treating glaucoma; however, the contact method is preferred [54,55].
The results of the diode laser hair reduction treatments after the IPL hair reduction treatments
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2020
Magdalena Atta-Motte, Izabela Zaleska
So far the authors couldn’t find a similar study about the IPL’s impact on diode laser treatments. As this study shows, there is a negative impact on diode laser hair reduction, when previously the IPL was used. Comparison of effectiveness of diode laser and the IPL hair reduction studies can be found. Chen, J., Liu, X. and Huo, M. in their study in 2012 (12) found out that low-power diode laser and IPL devices had similar results. As shown in this study when diode laser treatments follow the IPL treatments, results of diode laser are weaker and it can be noticed on groups where two or three treatments of the IPL were carried out before diode laser treatments. Public understanding of the efficacy of the use of the IPL vs. diode laser is worth pointing out. It is also necessary to note that not only are they less efficient, but also decrease the chances of achieving satisfactory results using a diode laser when customers first select the IPL treatments.