China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Significant Advancements in Cancer Diagnosis Using Machine Learning
Published in Meenu Gupta, Rachna Jain, Arun Solanki, Fadi Al-Turjman, Cancer Prediction for Industrial IoT 4.0: A Machine Learning Perspective, 2021
Gurmanik Kaur, Ajat Shatru Arora
Mehmood et al. [36] created a semi-automated and adaptive threshold selection approach for brain MRIs. Following segmentation, the tumor was indeed categorized as malignant or benign, employing a robust SVM classification model driven using Bag of Words (BoW). The BoW methodology for feature extraction was also enhanced further by the use of Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF). The BoW feature extraction method was even further enhanced by SURF, which incorporated its process for selecting interest points. Ultimately, the volume marching cube algorithm, that was used to render medical information, was used to create 3D visualizations of the brain and tumor. The proposed system’s effectiveness was validated using a dataset of 30 patients, and it attained 99% accuracy. In addition, a comparative study was conducted between the developed method and two cutting-edge technologies, ITK-SNAP as well as 3D-Doctor. The findings indicate that the suggested framework outperformed current frameworks in terms of assisting radiologists in assessing the size, structure, and position of the brain tumor.
Assessment of Ethnomedicinal Plants: Shiwalik Hills, Himachal Pradesh, India
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Assessment of Medicinal Plants for Human Health, 2020
Village elders have tremendous knowledge about medicinal plants and the need of hour is sustainable exploration, development, and use of their knowledge and plant wealth. Despite the tremendous influence and dependency on latest medication, rural population still rely on herbal medicines as they are readily available, safe, and cost effective. Due to advancements in modern technologies and gradual depletion of traditional culture, the indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) regarding therapies and medicinal plants of local natives have almost reached on the verge of extinction. Hence, with a view to preserve this cultural and traditional heritage of our local practitioners/healers, the present study was conducted to gather and document the medicinal plants, which are traditionally being used for treating various ailments.
Level Set Methods for Cardiac Segmentation in MSCT Images
Published in Ayman El-Baz, Jasjit S. Suri, Level Set Method in Medical Imaging Segmentation, 2019
Ruben Medina, Sebastian Bautista, Villie Morocho, Alexandra La Cruz
Other approaches are based on level set contour deformation techniques. In Lynch et al. [14] a cardiac motion model based on the volume is used in a level set framework for performing the 4-D segmentation in MRI data. A user–guided 3-D active contour segmentation approach based on level set has been developed by Yushkevich et al. [15] as an open–software platform known as ITK–SNAP. This platform was initially conceived for neuroimaging modalities but their application can be extended to cardiac images. A deformable contour based approach has been used by Heiberg et al. [16] for developing a software platform that is freely available for non–commercial research. A level set approach for left ventricle segmentation in echocardiographic images has been proposed by Dydenko et al. [17] where a prior shape for the left ventricle is registered to the image, and a level set approach is used for performing the contour deformation that allows the recovering of the ventricle shape.
Reciprocal SH2-SH3 Domain Contacts between ITK Molecules Limit T Cell Receptor Signaling in Th2-type CD4+ T Cells
Published in Immunological Investigations, 2022
Ji-Long Chen, Jennifer Y. Barr, Jonathan J. Zuk, Jacob V. Gorman, John D. Colgan
The model for ITK self-association that our data support is drawn primarily from NMR studies that solved the structures of ITK fragments; to date the molecular structure of full-length ITK has not been reported. However, a few published studies have examined the role of interactions between full-length ITK molecules using different methods. One report fused YFP fragments to ITK as a means to probe for intramolecular and intermolecular interactions and suggested the protein exists as a folded monomer when expressed in transformed T cells. This finding seems inconsistent with a model in which intermolecular ITK interactions control its activity. One possible caveat to these studies is that the fusion of YFP fragments to ITK may alter its structure or interfere with intermolecular interactions. In contrast, other studies in which the ITK SH3 domain was deleted or replaced with that from the Tec kinase BTK provided evidence that intermolecular self-association between ITK molecules does indeed occur (Hao and August 2002; Min et al. 2010). Both reports showed that alterations affecting the SH3 domain of ITK enhanced its ability to phosphorylate substrate proteins. Further, the ITK mutant containing the BTK SH3 domain in place of its own had impaired self-association activity and could augment calcium flux and ERK activation when used to reconstitute Itk-deficient CD4+ T cells (Min et al. 2010). Thus, our conclusions are supported by previously reported data that also suggest intermolecular interactions between ITK molecules have a substantial regulatory role.
The use of augmented reality in transsphenoidal surgery: A systematic review
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2022
Santhosh G. Thavarajasingam, Robert Vardanyan, Arian Arjomandi Rad, Ahkash Thavarajasingam, Artur Khachikyan, Nigel Mendoza, Ramesh Nair, Peter Vajkoczy
Four of the included studies, all non-in vivo studies, utilised manual segmentation as the sole segmentation technique, employing a variety of software.29,31,33,38 Dixon et al.29 and Dixon et al.31 used the ITK-SNAP 2.0 software,38 whereas Lai et al. used a self-developed AR surgical navigation system. Four studies used purely automated segmentation,23,25,26,32 with Lapeer et al. using the ARView system to achieve this.26 Two studies employed a combined automated and manual segmentation.24,39 Using the Brainlab software, Carl et al. used manual segmentation for vascular risk structures, but automated segmentation to visualise nerve risk structures. Being the only studies to employ each, Pennacchietti et al. used complex pixel volume segmentation and Dixon et al.30 used contour-based segmentation.
Chapter 12: An introductory guide to tuberculosis care to improve cultural competence for health care workers and public health professionals serving Indigenous Peoples of Canada
Published in Canadian Journal of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, 2022
Jonathan L. Dunn, Marlene Larocque, Deborah Van Dyk, Eduardo Vides, Faiz Ahmad Khan, Tom Wong, Richard Long, Gonzalo G. Alvarez
In 2018, Inuit leadership and the Government of Canada jointly committed to eliminating TB from Inuit communities by 2030.72 Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK), the national organization representing Inuit, released the Inuit Tuberculosis Elimination Framework in December of 2018 to guide this work.63 Priority areas for action and investment highlighted in the framework include: enhancements to TB care and prevention programming; reductions in poverty; improvements in social determinants of health; creation of social equity; empowerment and mobilization of communities; strengthening of TB care and prevention capacity; developing and implementing Inuit-specific solutions; and ensuring accountability for TB elimination. Each Inuit region has developed its own TB elimination action plan. The TB elimination action plans are tailored to the needs and strengths of each region to ensure investments and activities are informed by local TB epidemiology and health systems. Meaningful involvement of Inuit and Inuit communities in TB programming and planning is the foundation of eliminating TB from Inuit Nunangat.