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Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Published in Marc H. Bornstein, Psychological Insights for Understanding COVID-19 and Families, Parents, and Children, 2020
Families, parents, and children need supports during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic just as they will need them after the pandemic subsides. The most effective supports will come by way of coordinated messages and interventions delivered at multiple levels. In accord with the prevailing contextual bioecological model in developmental science, such supports and interventions would take place at the parent and family level, at the community level, and at the level of nations. As families, parents, and children confront new uncertainties of the coronavirus epidemic, the risks to their wholesome functioning are many, and so supports from many quarters will be welcome. As examples, adolescents must be counseled to exercise greater vigilance in their risk behaviors, employers need to find creative ways to reopen their businesses safely, and governments ought to support families financially and institute moratoriums on evictions.
Candidate Genes, Gene × Environment Interactions, and Epigenetics
Published in Gail S. Anderson, Biological Influences on Criminal Behavior, 2019
The bioecological model states that genetic effects are only expressed in a positive environment and are restricted and not expressed in a negative environment.36 In other words, this model suggests that, in some situations, genetic risk factors may reach their highest dominance in the absence of an adverse environment.40 An example of the bioecological model is parent-child conflict, in contrast to parent-adolescent conflict, which is believed to fit the diathesis stress model. In a US study of 500 pairs of twins, shared environment was many times more influential on antisocial behavior in children with high levels of parental conflict than in those with low levels of conflict, but conversely, genetic factors were much more significant in the development of antisocial behavior in children with low levels of parental conflict.40
Environmental Sensitivity in Adults: Psychometric Properties of the Japanese Version of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale 10-Item Version
Published in Journal of Personality Assessment, 2023
Shuhei Iimura, Kosuke Yano, Yukiko Ishii
As has been suggested by influential developmental theories such as the bioecological model of human development (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006), from birth to death, humans are affected by a wide range of environmental influences, and we undergo neurophysiological and psychosocial development through dynamic interactions with these environments. In this sense, humans are social beings that cannot be separated from their environment. However, it is important to note that individual differences in sensitivity to environmental influences can be observed (e.g., Aron et al., 2012; Belsky & Pluess, 2009; Boyce & Ellis, 2005; Ellis et al., 2011; Monroe & Simons, 1991; Pluess & Belsky, 2013). Some individuals are more likely to be susceptible to both positive and negative experiences than others. Currently, such individual differences in sensitivity to the environment are being empirically studied from the perspectives of developmental psychology, neurophysiology, behavioral genetics, molecular genetics, and personality psychology within the integrated framework of Environmental Sensitivity Theory (Greven et al., 2019; Pluess, 2015). In this paper, we discuss our development of a brief Japanese version of the Highly Sensitive Person (HSP) scale to measure individual differences in sensitivity in adults (Aron & Aron, 1997; Takahashi, 2016), and provide new information on its psychometric properties.
Exploring participation in family and recreational activities among children with cerebral palsy during early childhood: how does it relate to motor function and parental empowerment?
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Runa Kalleson, Reidun Jahnsen, Sigrid Østensjø
As opposed to empowerment in family situations, no statistically significant relationship was revealed between frequency of child participation and family empowerment in service situations. According to a bioecological model of human development, interactions between parents and service providers and systems represent a more remote ecological system surrounding the child compared with the immediate family context [2]. The influence on participation as an aspect of child functioning may therefore be less explicit. Additionally, empowerment in service situations as measured by the FES reflects how parents perceive themselves in control when navigating in the pediatric rehabilitation system and does not capture to what extent the service system adapts to contexts of relevance for the families. Thus, we are not fully able to expose the potential that lies in collaboration between parents and service providers corresponding with the new paradigm, which implies leaving a traditional rehabilitation setting and rather focusing on the opportunities of real-life contexts.
Relationship Factors in the Theater of the Imagination: Hypnosis With Children and Adolescents
Published in American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 2019
By describing transference in this way, it is possible to see that what we call trance—that absorbed, vigilant-while-curious experience of the mind—is easily activated when we imagine how the play on the stage will unfold. The bioecological model of development (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 1998) evolves relational constructs further, bringing the subjective and objective, the process and time, into our understanding of being relational. It proposes that human development across the life span is about the experience of “complex reciprocal interactions” (p. 797) with the external world, where the world is the stage and child’s play is part of the theater.