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Hearing Aids for the Pediatric Population
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Katia de Almeida, Maria Cecíli Martinelli
Selection of amplification refers to the process of choosing the hearing aid that will be tested in the child and subsequently evaluated. This selection should be based on existing audiological information, technical specifications, and physical and electroacoustic characteristics of hearing aids. The prescription of amplification characteristics includes important aspects, one of them being the prescriptive method validated for the pediatric population. The impression of the earmold, the characteristics and signal processing of the hearing aid, besides the need for use of additional assistive technology, should be considered at this stage (Bagatto et al., 2010).
Principles of forensic science and crime scene investigation
Published in Jason Payne-James, Richard Jones, Simpson's Forensic Medicine, 2019
Jason Payne-James, Richard Jones
Amplification is carried out using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which uses a thermostable enzyme-catalysed reaction over a number of cycles in which the double strands are separated to allow a complementary strand to be produced and annealed. Each PCR cycle, if it were 100 per cent efficient, would double the amount of DNA present within each sample. Around 28 cycles are used in a standard DNA17 analysis. A short complementary ‘primer’ labelled with an attached fluorescent dye starts the process by annealing to the flanking region of the STR and enables labelled copies of the STR to be detected and its size measured.
Fungal Keratitis Due to Fusarium
Published in Mahendra Rai, Marcelo Luís Occhiutto, Mycotic Keratitis, 2019
Alexandro Bonifaz, Lorena Gordillo-García, Scarlett Fest-Parra, Andrés Tirado-Sánchez, Karla García-Carmona
PCR assays are the most widely used method for the amplification of DNA in laboratories. The exponential amplification of target DNA makes it possible to detect even small amounts of fungus. The most used regions are ribosomal ITS1-5.8S-ITS2; 18S rRNA; 28S rRNA e ITS2.
Remote hearing aid renewal using pre-existing audiograms during the covid-19 pandemic
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2023
Jukka Kokkonen, Heidi Kaski, Sampo Mäkinen, Fanni Svärd
In the case of 25 (49%) remotely fitted patients, the audiogram had been estimated according to the given guidelines. In the remaining 26 remote patients, the amplification had been modified according to the patients’ requests. These groups were similar in all aspects but the WEHLs, which were better, signifying a more symmetric hearing, in the audiogram estimation group (Supplementary Table 3). In the amplification manipulation group, 2 patients requested less amplification, and 8 patients wanted the previous setting to be copied to the new hearing aids. For the remaining 16 patients, amplification was selectively increased (for example for soft sounds or middle frequencies). There were, however, no differences in IOI-HA scores between these two methods – audiogram estimation and amplification manipulation – on individual items or the total score (Supplementary Table 4). Hearing aid simulated fit-to-target accuracy was better in the audiogram estimation subgroup (mean = 2.6 dB, SD = 2.0 dB) than in the amplification manipulation subgroup (mean = 4.1 dB, SD = 2.8; t [71.73] = 2.83, p = 0.0060).
Translation, adaptation, and validation of the Arabic version of the meaningful auditory integration scale
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2023
Soha N. Garadat, Nihad A. Almasri
However, to ensure a positive outcome and to minimize the impact of deafness on the individual’s life, it is essential to monitor the progress of auditory skills in this pediatric population. The acquisition of speech and language is typically considered a prognostic indicator for successful cochlear implantation. The perception of speech is a key skill that provides important information regarding overall auditory perception skills and can be of particular value in outlining the prognosis of speech, language, reading, and cognitive abilities of children. Therefore, one of the important audiologic procedures that are used to evaluate audiologic outcomes is speech audiometry which assesses the child’s perceptive communicative ability. In general, this procedure helps quantify the benefits derived from amplification allowing clinicians to address their patients’ needs in a timely manner. It further assists in determining important programming modifications and facilitates audiologic decisions, such as the need for implementation of an additional form of audiologic (re)habilitation.
Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae PCR detection in women treated for ectopic pregnancy
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Jana Racková, Jozef Záhumenský, Michael Zikán, Erika Menzlová, Borek Sehnal
The link between ChT and ectopic pregnancy is based mainly on seroepidemiological case-control studies. Serological testing for ChT-specific antibodies has previously been problematic as available assays had poor sensitivity and specificity, and were often cross-reactive with other Chlamydiae species. Therefore, direct testing by nucleic acid amplification is widely recommended for its high sensitivity and specificity. The major advantage is the possibility of the direct ChT nucleic acid detection in the bioptic material (Bryan et al. 2019). Although majority of the case control studies defines risks of following ectopic pregnancy after cervical ChT infection (Hoenderboom et al. 2017), we were not able to find any positive ChT cervical swab. This can be explained by ChT spontaeous resolution by cervical immune system or by direct ChT infection of endometrium and fallopian tubes (Price et al. 2016).