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Nanophyetus
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
Neorickettsia helmintheoca is a coccoid to coccobacillary bacterium (family Rickettsiaceae) of 0.3 μm in size, appears purple (i.e., gram negative) in Giemsa stain, and occurs in all stages of the trematode. The complete genome sequence of N. helminthoeca Oregon reveals a single, small circular chromosome of 884,232 bp encoding 774 potential proteins. While N. helminthoeca does not seem to produce lipopolysaccharides and most amino acids, it is capable of synthesizing vitamins, cofactors, nucleotides and bacterioferritin. In addition, by encoding nearly all enzymes required for peptidoglycan biosynthesis, N. helminthoeca has certain structural hardiness and inflammatory potential [17,18].
Rickettsia spp.
Published in Peter M. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, John Holton, William L. Irving, Nino Porakishvili, Pradhib Venkatesan, Katherine N. Ward, Case Studies in Infectious Disease, 2010
Peter M. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, John Holton, William L. Irving, Nino Porakishvili, Pradhib Venkatesan, Katherine N. Ward
The patient has a rickettsial infection. The taxonomy and nomenclature of the Rickettsiaceae have undergone a major revision based upon 16S rRNA sequences. Currently the Rickettsiales contain the Rickettsia, Orientia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Wolbachia, and Neorickettsia. Coxiella burnetti is now included in the γ-proteobacteria along with Legionella and Francisella. Frequently Rickettsia are given species names relating to their original geographic location. There are many species of Rickettsia found in nature, only some of which have been linked to illness (Table 1) and present clinically as spotted fevers or typhus (see later).
Detection of co-infection with Orientia tsutsugamushand and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome by next-generation sequencing
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2023
Qianhui Xu, Wenyi Zhang, Qian Wang, Xuejun Fu, Jing Han, Ying Huang
Orientia tsutsugamushi (O. tsutsugamushi) is an obligate intracellular bacterium belonging to the subspecies of Proteobacteria, family Rickettsiaceae, and is responsible for scrub typhus. O. tsutsugamushi is transmitted to humans through the bites of larval trombiculid mites. The bacterium is still a major cause of undifferentiated fever in Asia. The prognosis varies among patients, ranging from asymptomatic infection to death. Co-infection with O. tsutsugamushi and other pathogens such as dengue virus [1] Leptospira [1,2] has been reported in Southeast Asia. To our knowledge, the present patient, who is an original resident of Zijin County, Heyuan, Guangdong, is the first case of co-infection with O. tsutsugamushi and Hantaan virus. Serological testing and next-generation sequencing confirmed co-infection in the patient. Lack of knowledge of co-infection may jeopardize the health of affected patients. Our study serves as a reminder of potential co-infection and provides clues for its detection.