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Order Blubervirales: Surface Protein
Published in Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier, Virus-Like Particles, 2022
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier
The order Blubervirales contains the sole family Hepadnaviridae, DNA viruses that are placed within the realm Riboviria because of homology between the hepadnavirus reverse transcriptase and the RNA-directed RNA polymerase of RNA viruses (Koonin et al. 2020). According to the current ICTV taxonomy report (Magnius et al. 2020) and current global review (Glebe et al. 2021), the Hepadnaviridae family includes 18 officially registered species divided into 5 genera depending on the viral host: Avihepadnavirus infecting birds, 3 species altogether including well-studied duck hepatitis B virus or DHBV; Herpetohepadnavirus infecting reptiles and frogs with one species; Metahepadnavirus infecting fresh and salt water teleosts, one species; Orthohepadnavirus infecting mammals and demonstrating a narrow host range for members of each 12 virus species; and Parahepadnavirus infecting freshwater teleosts, one species. The representative Orthohepadnavirus genus includes the hepadnaviral type representatives: hepatitis B virus (HBV), which infects humans and primates, as well as well-studied woodchuck (WHV) and ground squirrel (GSHV) hepatitis viruses. The hepadnaviruses are hepatotropic, and infections may be transient or persistent.
Association between HLA class II alleles and hepatitis B virus infection in Transylvania, Romania
Published in Immunological Investigations, 2018
Horea Vladi Matei, Mihaela Laura Vica, Costel Vasile Siserman
Hepatitis B is caused by a double-stranded DNA virus of the Orthohepadnavirus genus (the Hepadnavirus family). The hepatitis B virus (HBV) induces inflammation, necrosis, and/or fibrosis of the liver cells, processes that most often result in chronic hepatitis (Seeger and Mason, 2000).