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Natural Products from the Amazon Region as Potential Antimicrobials
Published in Mahendra Rai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Eco-Friendly Biobased Products Used in Microbial Diseases, 2022
Josiane E. A. Silva, Iasmin L. D. Paranatinga, Elaine C. P. Oliveira, Silvia K. S. Escher, Ananda S. Antonio, Leandro S. Nascimento, Patricia P. Orlandi, Valdir F. Veiga-Júnior
Last but not least, α-lapachone (Fig. 2.8) can be obtained from species such Catalpa ovata, Haplophragma adenophyllum, Tabebuia guayacan, Tabebuia impetiginosa, Tabebuia pentaphylla, Zeyhera tuberculosa and Ekmanianthe longiflora (Epifano et al. 2014; Nepomuceno 2016; Hussain and Green 2017). Despite the fact that it is the least investigated of the naphthoquinones, this compound does have bioactivity against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania amazonensis and L. braziliensis, the pathogens responsible for Chagas disease and leishmaniasis (Vieira et al. 2015; Hussain and Green 2017).
Drug design strategies with metal-hydroxyquinoline complexes
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2020
Ivana M. Savić-Gajić, Ivan M. Savić
The temperature and pH-responsive polymers are important in controlled drug delivery [84]. Nanoparticles, micelles, and hydrogels are interesting polymeric systems for drug delivery of HQ and its derivatives. The supramolecular hydrogels were developed as delivery vehicles of 2-HQ [85,86]. Nanoparticles of polymeric(n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) were encapsulated with the radio-labeled amyloid affinity drug 125I-CQ to improve its transport to the brain for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease [87]. One of the synthetic antibiotic drugs is quinolone that has poor water-solubility. Hua et al. [88] synthesized a novel quinoline compound and then encapsulated it into poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticles. The obtained polymeric nanoparticles with quinoline compounds have a size of about 100 nm, good stability in aqueous solution, and drug release of 80 h. Compared with free quinoline, the encapsulated nanoparticles showed better antibiotic ability against S. aureus and lower cytotoxicity in vitro. The designed nanoparticles can be used to control bacterial infections and accelerate wound healing. The new quinolone scaffold-based anticancer agents were encapsulated into pluronic nanomicelles to enhance aqueous solubility, penetrability into the cancer cells, and to allow sustained release [89]. The nanoparticles of HQ-based polyfluorene were prepared as a drug delivery system for doxorubicin, an anticancer drug [90]. Unlike free 8-HQ, 8-HQ-containing polymeric (poloxamer) micelle system can be considered more efficient in the treatment of leishmaniasis due to its improved antileishmanial activity against Leishmania infantum [91] and Leishmania amazonensis [92].
The role of LPD-nanoparticles containing recombinant major surface glycoprotein of Leishmania (rgp63) in protection against leishmaniasis in murine model
Published in Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2018
Hengameh Firouzmand, Mehrnosh Sahranavard, Ali Badiee, Ali Khamesipour, Seyedeh Hoda Alavizadeh, Afshin Samiei, Dina Soroush, Masoumeh Tavassoti Kheiri, Fereidoun Mahboudi, Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
Gp63 has the potential to be used for vaccinating animals if combined with an appropriate adjuvant17. Structurally, recombinant gp63 lacks the sugar molecules (54–58 kDa) of the native compound, however, it induces the same type of Th1 immune response24,25. Immunization with recombinant glycoprotein 63 (rgp63) reconstituted in liposomes induced strong immune response and protection against L. mexicana and L. donovani in mouse model of leishmaniasis26,27. In a study by Russo et al., T lymphocyte responses to Leishmania amazonensis native gp63 and to recombinant gp63 were evaluated in individuals with active or cured cutaneous, mucosal or visceral leishmaniasis. Both native and rgp63 induced strong proliferative responses in all patients tested. These results indicate that gp63 is a strong T cell immunogen and that the recombinant and native forms can induce the same type of T cell response from infected patients25. In another study, Nahid Ali et al., indicated that the presence of either liposomal rgp63 or combined formulations with monophosphoryl lipid A-trehalose dicorynomycolate (MPL-TDM) during boost is necessary for effective Th1 immune responses (IFN-γ, IL-12, NO) before challenge infection. However, boosting with liposomal rgp63 in conjugation with MPL-TDM resulted in a greater number of IFN-γ producing effector T cells, and Th1 responses compared to mice boosted with liposomal rgp63 alone, after virulent Leishmania donovani challenge28. The gp63 gene has also been delivered in a number of vectors, e.g., Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)29 or vaccines virus30 in order to elicit Th1 type of immune response31,32.