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Bunyavirales
Published in Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier, Virus-Like Particles, 2022
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier
The huge Bunyavirales order includes therefore in total 12 families, 4 subfamilies, 54 genera, and 477 species altogether. Moreover, the order is of great medicinal importance. Although members of the order are generally found in arthropods or rodents, some of them occasionally infect humans, such as highly dangerous representatives of the families Arenaviridae (Lassa, Tacaribe, and Junin viruses of the Mammarenavirus genus, as well as many other mammarenaviruses), Hantaviridae (Hantaan, Puumala, and other orthohantaviruses of the Orthohantavirus genus), Nairoviridae (Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus of the Orthonairovirus genus), Peribunyaviridae (numerous orthobunyaviruses including Bunyamwera virus of the Orthobunyavirus genus), and Phenuiviridae (Rift Valley fever and other phleboviruses of the Phlebovirus genus). Some of the Bunyavirales order representatives infect plants, such as the members of the Fimoviridae and Tospoviridae families.
Post-exposure prophylactic vaccine candidates for the treatment of human Risk Group 4 pathogen infections
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2020
James Logue, Ian Crozier, Peter B Jahrling, Jens H Kuhn
Orthohantaviruses (Hantaviridae: Orthohantavirus) are separated into Old World viruses, usually causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, and New World viruses, which generally cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome associated with a CFR of 30–50%. These zoonoses are maintained in Europe and Asia by murid and cricetid rodents (Old World orthohantaviruses) or in the Americas by cricetid rodents (New World orthohantaviruses) [98,99]. Of the viruses in this genus, Andes virus (ANDV), a New World orthotantavirus, is of highest concern because ANDV, in contrast to most other orthohantaviruses, has been associated with person-to-person transmission [100–102]. Consequently, orthohantavirus PEP vaccine research has largely focused on ANDV, again using the rVSIV platform to express the ANDV glycoprotein. In vivo, this candidate vaccine protected 90% (9 of 10) of golden hamsters when given 1 day after an otherwise lethal ANDV injection [103]. Interestingly, a rVSIV-vectored EBOV vaccine elicited a similar level of protection (6 of 6) against ANDV in golden hamsters, again questioning whether antigen-specificity is necessary for effective PEP. However, only very few reports are available on the development of an orthohantavirus NHP animal model to date (e.g., [104–106]), and these results of PEP in small animal models have yet to be corroborated in an NHP model.
Eosinophilia during Hantavirus infection: a cohort study
Published in Infectious Diseases, 2022
Messaline Bermejo, Stéphanie Mestrallet, Amélie Servettaz, Laure-Anne Pannet, Delphine Lebrun, Yohan N'Guyen, Laurent Andreoletti, Jean-Marc Reynes, Maxime Hentzien, Firouzé Bani-Sadr
Zoonotic hantaviruses (Hantaviridae family, genus Orthohantavirus) are enveloped, negative tri-segmented single-strand RNA viruses that infect the endothelial cell and cause three main clinical syndromes: (1) Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) mainly caused by Hantaan virus, Dobrava-Belgrade virus, Seoul virus, Tula orthohantavirus and Puumala virus; (2) nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of HFRS caused by Puumala virus; and (3) Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS), caused mainly by Andes virus, Sin Nombre virus, or Laguna Negra virus [1,2]. The most common European hantavirus disease is caused by Puumala virus, and NE is endemic in the North East of France [3].