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Bites and stings
Published in Biju Vasudevan, Rajesh Verma, Dermatological Emergencies, 2019
Myiasis is the infestation of body tissues of humans and animals by the larvae (maggots) of Diptera [6–9]. Myiasis can be clinically classified as per the part of the body affected. Cutaneous myiasis includes wound myiasis, furuncular myiasis, and creeping eruption. The flies causing cutaneous myiasis in humans are Dermatobia hominis, Cuterebra, Cordylobia anthropophaga, Cordylobia (Stasisia) rodhaini, Wohlfahrtia species, and Hypodermas species. The creeping form of myiasis is produced by Gasterophilus larvae [10,11].
Infections and infestations affecting the nail
Published in Eckart Haneke, Histopathology of the NailOnychopathology, 2017
Myiasis is caused by fly larvae of different species. Whereas wound myiasis is extremely rare on fingers, it may occur on toes in neglected individuals; many different flies including Calliphoridae from Central Europe are responsible.419 Furuncular myiasis is mainly seen on the head and trunk; it is due to the African tumbu fly Cordylobia anthropophaga or by the American botfly Dermatobia hominis.420 This lesion is painful in the nail region. The creeping myiasis, which must not be confused with larva migrans, is caused by larvae of Gasterophilus and Hypoderma species, flies that parasite in horses and cattle.
Bot flies (family Oestridae)
Published in Eric S. Loker, Bruce V. Hofkin, Parasitology, 2015
Eric S. Loker, Bruce V. Hofkin
Distribution and prevalenceCuterebra spp. are found in temperate and tropical regions of the Americas. Dermatobia hominis (Figure 1A) is a New World species that is common in forested areas across most of Central and South America (Figure 1B). Hypoderma spp. are widely found in the Northern Hemisphere, where they can be locally common. Gasterophilus intestinalis, the horse bot fly, originally an Old World species, has been introduced into the Americas, where it can be common.
Synthesis and therapeutic delivery approaches for praziquantel: a patent review (2010-present)
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2021
Tayo A. Adekiya, Pradeep Kumar, Pierre P.D. Kondiah, Viness Pillay, Yahya E. Choonara
US8241669B2 described the preparation method for an endoparasiticidal gel composition of moxidectin and praziquantel for the effective treatment and control of external and internal parasites in homeothermic animals and livestock. This invention formulation was achieved using composition that contains the mixture of about 10% to 15% (w/w) of praziquantel; approximately 1% to 3.5% (w/w) of moxidectin; about 1% to 20% (w/w) surfactant; about 1% to 34% (w/w) of ethanol; about 35% to 61% (w/w) of an oil; about 4% to 24% (w/w) of benzyl alcohol and about 2% to 15% (w/w) colloidal silicon dioxide. This veterinary gel composition possesses a wide spectrum of efficacy against endoparasites for a longer period of time and allows higher concentrations of parasiticidal agents mixture in a single application. This was noticed in the efficacy analysis that was carried out in 26 new forest cross male ponies of about 1 to 2 years of age which was infected with Gasterophilus spp. and A. perfoliate in South West England [39]. Another similar invention, which described the gel formulation of praziquantel for the treatment of endoparasitic infection in livestock animals was patented in U.S. Patent 6,893,652 [40].