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Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Canadian Clinical Working Case Definition, Diagnostic and Treatment Protocols–A Consensus Document
Published in I. Jon Russell, The Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Clinical Case Definition for Practitioners, 2020
Anil Kumar Jain, Bruce M. Carruthers, Maijorie I. van de Sande, Stephen R. Barron, C. C. Stuart Donaldson, James V. Dunne, Emerson Gingrich, Dan S. Heffez, Y.-K. Frances Leung, Daniel G. Malone, Thomas J. Romano, I. Jon Russell, David Saul, Donald G. Seibel
Mismanagement of sensory information: Research and clinical experience suggest there is a lower tolerance to noxious stimuli such as exposure to excessive noise, light, fast-paced and/or confusing environments. A significantly hypersensitive response to these auditory, visual and somatosensory stimuli may be a major factor in the production of some symptoms (249,250). Due to neurotransmitter/receptor dysfunctions, sensory information is not managed properly in the brain (251). Gating is the process whereby the prefrontal cortex [PFC] assigns relative importance to the sensory information it receives. Goldstein (251) has speculated that conditions like FMS and ME/CFS may suffer from the effects of abnormal gating due to dysregulation of the signal to noise ratio [for example-high relevance is given to insignificant distractions] resulting in patients being unable to exclude background noise. This dysregulation could be associated with overwhelming fatigue. A similar dysregulation also amplifies the sensory input of the olfactory system when previously tolerated foods, drugs and odors make one sick or give rise to panic attacks. This subset of FMS patients [about half] may also meet the criteria for multiple chemical sensitivity based on subjective questioning (252).
Hypersensitivity and Urticaria
Published in Gabriella Fabbrocini, Mario E. Lacouture, Antonella Tosti, Dermatologic Reactions to Cancer Therapies, 2019
Cataldo Patruno, Maria Ferrillo, Maria Vastarella
Any administration of an antineoplastic drug can expose a patient to the risk of hypersensitivity reaction (HR); although rarely, severe overreactions can occur. The real frequency of drug hypersensitivity reaction (DHR) is unknown because it is often difficult to prove the relationship between the drug and the reaction; for this reason there is the lack of data on epidemiology of DHR (1). Certain drugs (e.g., taxol) cause reactions with great frequency, while only few antitumor drugs have not had at least one reported instance of causing DHR (2).
Pesticides and Chronic Diseases
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
The problem with this cozy arrangement, aside from the fact that Roundup-resistant “superweeds” are emerging as a new biological catastrophe, is that glyphosate has now been demonstrated to be linked to birth defects as one of the most highly toxic substances in agriculture. The U.S. Government's EPA, nonetheless continues to regard Roundup as “relatively low in toxicity, and without carcinogenic or teratogenic effects.” Of course nothing is said about the hypersensitive response which results in chemical sensitivity.
Keeping up with venetoclax for leukemic malignancies: key findings, optimal regimens, and clinical considerations
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2021
Maria Siddiqui, Marina Konopleva
HMAs are the standard ofcare in patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (HR-MDS) as they confer a survival advantage and are well tolerated and safe. However, they are unable to eradicate leukemia stem/progenitor cells [95–98]. The only curative treatment for HR-MDS is allo-HSCT, which is restricted by age and comorbidities in a substantial patient population [96]. Patients with HMA failure have an OS of 4–6 months underscoring the urgent need for novel treatments [99–101]. The success of HMA and venetoclax combinations in AML have made it a promising approach for HR-MDS. Preclinical studies identified that HMA induced increase in BCL-2 levels effectively priming the cell for apoptosis with venetoclax in MDS cells. Jilg et al. further demonstrated that azacitidine and venetoclax treatment at therapeutic doses targeted MDS cells while sparing healthy hematopoietic cells and attenuating prolonged myelosuppression [102–104].
Hypersensitivity reactions to biologics used in rheumatology
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2019
Andrea Matucci, Francesca Nencini, Enrico Maggi, Alessandra Vultaggio
Concerning IFX and adalimumab largely used in rheumatic diseases, other regulatory mechanisms can be underlined. In fact, these two mAbs not only interfere with serum TNF-a but also act as a reverse signal on membrane TNFa-bearing cells by inducing tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC) producing IL-10, Notch 1 upregulation mediating inhibition of T cell cycle and apoptosis [24,25]. A specific adaptive immune response toward BAs is also suggested by the observation that the re-exposure to a second cycle of drug (after a long period of interruption) triggers the quick onset of IgG (and also IgE) ADA often leading to a severe HR. This trend looks like a secondary immune response, the primary sensitization likely occurring during the first course of treatment [26,27]. This also suggests that tolerance to BAs operating during the first course of therapy is transient and slower to be elicited by the drug than memory T effector cells after a period of lack of antigen stimulation (Figure2).
Associations of Calcium, Vitamin D, and Dairy Product Intakes with Colorectal Cancer Risk among Older Women: The Iowa Women’s Health Study
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2019
Caroline Y. Um, Anna Prizment, Ching-Ping Hong, DeAnn Lazovich, Roberd M. Bostick
Potential confounders were selected on the basis of biological plausibility, previous literature, and whether inclusion of the variable changed the adjusted HR for the primary exposure by ≥10%. Variables considered as potential confounders included age (continuous); family history of CRC in a first-degree relative (yes/no); college education or higher (yes/no); smoking status (current/past/never); alcohol consumption (grams/day); physical activity level (low/moderate/high); postmenopausal hormone use (ever/never); body mass index (BMI, continuous); intakes of total energy (kcal), total and saturated fat (g/day), total vitamin D (IU/day) (for the calcium and dairy product models), total magnesium (mg/day), total vitamin E (mg/day), red and processed meats (servings/week), dietary fiber, and total fruits and vegetables (servings/week); and a dietary oxidative balance score (continuous). The dietary oxidative balance score was created using a previously described equal-weight method (27) as a score comprised of anti- (carotene, lutein, lycopene, vitamins C and E, omega-3 fatty acids, flavonoids) and pro-oxidant (dietary iron, omega-6 fatty acids, saturated fat) nutrients. The covariates for the final models are shown in the Tables’ footnotes.