China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Recent Developments in Therapies and Strategies Against COVID-19
Published in Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz, Sagheer Ahmed, Marius Alexandru Moga, The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2023
Misbah Hameed, M. Zia-Ul-Haq, Marius Moga
Camrelizumab is a humanized whole monoclonal antibody. It is targeted to receptors involved programed cell death 1 (PD-1). These PD-1 receptors are located on T cells and works as negative regulators of T cell activity. Camrelizumab blocks the attachment of PD-10s to its ligand, PD-L1, and inhibits tumor cell escape from the immune system.
Antibody-Based Therapies
Published in David E. Thurston, Ilona Pysz, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, 2021
Camrelizumab is another anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor that recently received conditional approval by the Chinese FDA for the treatment of relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma. It is also being investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of several other malignancies, including B-cell lymphoma, oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and gastric/gastroesophageal junction, hepatocellular carcinoma, nasopharyngeal, and lung cancers.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of sintilimab + chemotherapy versus camrelizumab + chemotherapy for the treatment of first-line locally advanced or metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC in China
Published in Journal of Medical Economics, 2022
Mingjun Rui, Zhengyang Fei, Yingcheng Wang, Xueke Zhang, Aixia Ma, Haikui Sun, Hongchao Li
The base case PFS and OS HRs of sintilimab plus chemotherapy after adjustment by the MAIC method were both higher than those of camrelizumab plus chemotherapy, but the confidence intervals of the two groups were large, which indicated that the difference between the effects was not obvious. The HR was also included in the PSA for analysis, and the results showed that, after 5,000 Monte Carlo simulations, the average difference in QALYs in the lifetime horizon was 0.2, which meant that the efficacy of sintilimab plus chemotherapy was slightly better than that of camrelizumab plus chemotherapy. Therefore, costs would be the main driver in determining the conclusion, which was also verified in the DSA tornado diagram, especially in scenarios 1 and 2. In addition, it should be mentioned that camrelizumab has a serious adverse event, RCCEP. According to relevant literature25, this symptom is different from a rash and has a high incidence, so it may incur great disutility for patients. According to experts’ opinions, the incidence of RCCEP in the real world is much higher than that in the CameL trial. However, due to the lack of relevant studies on the disutility of RCCEP and long-term follow-up real-world evidence, this study still estimated the incidence of RCCEP based on the expert opinions, which might underestimate the cost-effectiveness of sintilimab plus chemotherapy to some extent.
Second-line treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma: current state and challenges for the future
Published in Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 2022
Le Li, Hao-Tian Liu, Yu-Xian Teng, Zhu-Jian Deng, Guan-Lan Zhang, Jia-Yong Su, Liang Ma, Jian-Hong Zhong
Camrelizumab is an anti-PD-1 antibody that was developed entirely in China. Phase I clinical trials showed camrelizumab to have good safety and antitumor efficacy against solid tumors such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma, esophageal cancer, esophagogastric junction tumor, gastric tumor, and HCC [65–68]. Subsequently, a multicenter, randomized, parallel-group phase II trial was carried out in China to evaluate camrelizumab as a second-line therapy for advanced HCC [26]. A total of 217 patients, of whom 181 had HBV infection and 49 had received two or more systemic treatments, were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive camrelizumab either every 2 or every 3 weeks. The primary endpoints were ORR and 6-month OS, which were 14.7% and 74.4%, respectively. Secondary endpoints were DCR, median PFS, and median OS, which were 44.2%, 2.1 months, and 13.8 months, respectively. The incidence of grade 3/4 AEs was 21.7%, among which the most frequent were increased AST level (4.6%) and decreased neutrophil count (3.2%). Two-thirds of patients experienced reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (RCCEP). Analysis of the relationship between AEs and treatment efficacy showed a significant positive correlation in the case of RCCEP [69]. Most patients in this trial had advanced HCC, HBV infection, and AFP ≥400 ng/mL, yet the camrelizumab showed similar efficacy with nivolumab and pembrolizumab in patients with worse baseline status. These results are particularly relevant to patients in Southeast Asia and argue for further research on camrelizumab.
Emerging immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer
Published in Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs, 2022
Helena Bote, Andrés Mesas, Javier Baena, Mercedes Herrera, Luis Paz-Ares
Camrelizumab is a potent-humanized anti-PD-1 agent approved in China for the treatment of multiple malignancies. The Phase 3 CameL trial (NCT03134872) showed that camrelizumab plus chemotherapy significantly improved PFS compared with chemotherapy alone in untreated patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC. With a median follow-up duration of 19.3 months, camrelizumab plus chemotherapy prolonged mOS compared with chemotherapy alone (27.9 vs 20.5; HR 0.73 [95% CI 0.55 − 0.96]; P = 0.0117) [42]. The addition of camrelizumab to chemotherapy also significantly prolonged PFS and OS in the first-line setting to treat advanced squamous NSCLC [43]. Camrelizumab is also being evaluated in combination with chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy as a front-line therapy for patients with brain metastatic NSCLC in a Phase 3 trial (NCT04768075). Several Phase 2 trials are ongoing in Asia where camrelizumab is administered in neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings, and also as consolidation therapy after CRT (NCT04338620, NCT05005468, and NCT04749394, respectively).