Antibody opsonization

Host Defense II: Acquired Immunity

Published in Constantin A. Bona, Francisco A. Bonilla, Textbook of Immunology, 2019

Constantin A. Bona, Francisco A. Bonilla

Primary infection with schistosomes or immunization leads to at least partial resistance to re-challenge. This acquired resistance is dependent on CD4+ cells, specific antibody, and IFN-y-activated macrophages. Macrophages are capable of killing schistosomula directly, but their cytotoxicity is enhanced by antibody (opsonization) at lower effecton:target ratios.

Correlates of malaria vaccine efficacy

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Journal Information

Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2021

Danielle I. Stanisic, Matthew B. B. McCall

Antibody deposition on sporozoites (i.e., antibody opsonization) can facilitate phagocytosis through Fc receptors (Fc-R) on phagocytic cells [49] or fix complement [50] to induce direct lysis of the sporozoite [43] which could contribute to parasite clearance. An in vitro flow cytometry-based assay has been developed to assess sporozoite damage due to complement activation in the presence of antibodies [43]. To evaluate sporozoite lysis, it relies on the use of a fixable viability dye to measure membrane integrity. IgG induced by CPS immunization in the presence of active complement significantly enhanced membrane permeability [43]. Interestingly, antibody-independent complement-mediated lysis of sporozoites was also identified as an effector function, albeit at lower levels. This assay has not yet been routinely applied into clinical studies. A flow cytometry-based assay using live/cryopreserved sporozoites, serum and the FcR-expressing human monocytic cell line THP-1 has been developed to measure opsonic phagocytosis of sporozoites [42], although it has also not yet been widely used.

Antibody opsonization

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Host Defense II: Acquired Immunity

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