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Measuring and monitoring vital signs
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
The Korotkoff sounds are heard through the stethoscope when you manually record a BP value (Table 4.1). These sounds are not audible using electronic/digital devices. The sounds are named after Nikolai Korotkoff, who first identified the audible sounds of BP in 1905 (Korotkoff 1905, cited in O’Brien et al. 2003). There may be a period between phases 2 and 3 where no sounds are audible, but they become audible again at a lower pressure. This phenomenon is known as an auscultatory gap (Campbell et al. 2020). This phenomenon is seen in approximately 20% of elderly people with hypertension (McGee 2018). This is the reason that the correct procedure involves palpation to find the systolic BP before using the sphygmomanometer. This technique is explained later.
Management and Prevention of Hypertension in the Elderly: A Yogic Approach
Published in Anne George, Snigdha S. Babu, M. P. Ajithkumar, Sabu Thomas, Holistic Healthcare. Volume 2: Possibilities and Challenges, 2019
Satish G. Patil, Shankargouda S. Patil
Since BP is more variable in the elderly individuals, hypertension should never be diagnosed on the basis of a single measurement of BP. A strong association between arterial stiffness and auscultatory gap has been reported, particularly in the elderly.33 Normally, the measurement of BP depends on measuring on how much force it takes to compress an artery. To compress the stiffened arteries, the sphygmomanometer reading is falsely increased leading to false measurement of BP and misdiagnosis of hypertension. Hence, it has been recommended that the diagnosis of hypertension should be based on the average of a minimum of nine BP readings that have been measured on three separate visits.6 A diagnostic evaluation for finding the secondary causes of hypertension should be done as per the standard guidelines.11,34,35
Clincal Monitoring and Measurement
Published in Sarah Armstrong, Barry Clifton, Lionel Davis, Primary FRCA in a Box, 2019
Sarah Armstrong, Barry Clifton, Lionel Davis
The phases are tapping sound at systolic pressuremuffling or loss of sounds (auscultatory gap)reappearance or increased intensity of soundssudden muffling of sounds – diastolic pressure in UKdisappearance of sounds – diastolic pressure in US
Effects of measurement intervals on the values of repeated auscultatory blood pressure measurements
Published in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 2020
Miki Imamura, Kei Asayama, Yukiya Sawanoi, Toshikazu Shiga, Kanako Saito, Takayoshi Ohkubo
Use of the auscultatory method with a mercury manometer is a standard method for measuring office blood pressure (BP) (1). Although the auscultatory method is used for the evaluation of automated oscillometric devices (2,3), the precision can be affected by the hearing ability and terminal digit preference of examiners (4–7), the auscultatory gap (8), the measurement conditions such as the width of the cuff (9,10) and the intervals of repeated measurements (11).