China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Hepatitis E Virus
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
Kavita Lole, Prudhvi Lal Bhukya, Bangari Haldipur
Rarely, acute liver failure/fulminant hepatic failure (ALF/FHF) develops within 10 days in patients suffering from HE. Threatening signs reported are frequent vomiting, drowsiness, fetor hepaticus, and confusion. Patients go into coma rapidly, with a rise in temperature, deepened jaundice and shrinkage of the liver, and a widespread development of hemorrhage. The first report in India recorded a high risk of developing FHF and death in pregnant women infected with HEV.6,8,221 Premature delivery, low birth weight, and increased risk of perinatal mortality are associated with HE during pregnancy.
Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry
Published in Mohamed Ahmed Abd El-Hay, Essentials of Psychiatric Assessment, 2018
Oral examination: The odor of the breath may indicate alcohol intoxication, diabetic ketoacidosis (acetone odor), uremia, and hepatic encephalopathy (fetor hepaticus).Pustules on the nose or upper lip may spread bacteria to the cavernous sinus leading to cavernous sinus thrombosis.Tongue biting during seizure disorder may result in lacerations on the tongue.Herpetic vesicle may suggest herpes infection as etiologic factor.
Urine as a biological modality for colorectal cancer detection
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2020
Subashini Chandrapalan, Ramesh P Arasaradnam
From ancient times until now, clinicians have been using the sense of smell as a tool to arrive at a diagnosis. Hippocrates described the medical students’ ‘favorite’ fetor hepaticus, which is a sign we still look for in patients with liver failure. Linus Pauling in 1971 found that a sample of urine vapor had nearly 280 different substances [38]. We now have a better understanding of their mechanism and are able to detect and characterize them in detail at low cost, further to the emergence of advanced technologies. Additionally, these compounds are widely studied in other fields, such as in the food, environmental, and health [39,40]. Hence, it is reasonable to conclude that the VOC era as re-emerging.
Breathing new life into clinical testing and diagnostics: perspectives on volatile biomarkers from breath
Published in Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 2022
Jordan J. Haworth, Charlotte K. Pitcher, Giuseppe Ferrandino, Anthony R. Hobson, Kirk L. Pappan, Jonathan L. D. Lawson
The origin of modern breath research is widely attributed to Linus Pauling and colleagues in the early 1970s [20], although the history of breath and disease dates to the Ancient Greeks, who described fetor hepaticus – a distinct malodourous breath associated with liver disease [21]. In Eastern medicine, the smell of breath has been used for disease diagnosis for over 3000 years [22]. Similarly, high levels of acetone on breath can be the result of ketoacidosis, which may be an indicator of diabetes [23]. Despite these examples, challenges related to reproducibility and standardization of sampling and analysis have limited clinical use of breath in many contexts.